城市污水处理厂除臭生物滤池运行效果及影响因素研究  

Performance of biofilter for odor treatment and the influence factors in municipal wastewater treatment

作　　者：刘建伟[1,2] 马文林[1,2] 黄力华[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑工程学院城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京建筑工程学院环境工程系,北京100044 [3]临沂师范学院生命科学学院,山东临沂276005

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2010年第12期4-8,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.50908009);北京建筑工程学院博士科研启动基金资助项目(No.100900502)

摘　　要：对山东某城市污水处理厂散发的恶臭气体进行除臭研究,考察了除臭生物滤池的运行效果、工艺影响因素和除臭生物滤池内微生物相特点。结果表明:(1)在进气量为828 m3/h、气体停留时间为30 s、硫化氢和氨进气质量浓度分别为0.5~28.4、0.9~34.3 mg/m3的条件下,稳定运行时,大部分时间硫化氢和氨去除率分别达98%和80%以上,而且除臭生物滤池对于进气负荷具有较强的抗冲击能力。(2)当填料含湿量为43.6%~63.4%时,硫化氢去除率在90%以上;氨去除受填料含湿量的影响较大,填料含湿量越高越利于氨的去除。(3)在处理低浓度含硫化氢和氨的恶臭气体时,生物除臭工程可以在低填料pH(3.0左右)下长期运行,并保持较高的恶臭气体去除率。(4)运行第60天后,当温度为10℃以上时,硫化氢和氨去除率几乎不受影响;第169天后,当温度降至10℃以下时,硫化氢和氨去除率均有一定程度的下降,最低分别为94.6%和79.8%。(5)除臭生物滤池稳定运行时,优势硫氧化菌主要为嗜酸性硫细菌。A full-scale biofilter was developed to treat odor in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Shandong province.The performance,influence factors and microbiological characteristics of the biofilter were investigated in this study.The biofilter presented perfect performance for hydrogen sulfide and ammonia removal during the stable operation,and it had the abirritation capability to the variational pollutants loading.During the 180 d of operation,the effluent concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia were gave the average removal efficiency of over 98% and 80%.The optimum moisture content of the packing material for hydrogen sulfide removal was 43.6%-63.4%,while ammonia removal efficiency was increased with increasing moisture content.The performance of the biofilter would not be affected when the temperature was higher than 10 ℃.The biofilter could operate efficiently under low pH conditions(approximately 3.0).The microbial analyses proved that acidophilic thiobacilli were dominant in the biofilter.

关 键 词：生物除臭 城市污水处理 恶臭气体 硫化氢 氨 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]