黄土高原西安地区全新世的植被与气候环境  

VEGETATION AND CLIMATE ENVIRONMENT DURING HOLOCENE IN XI'AN REGION OF LOESS PLATEAU, CHINA

作　　者：李秉成[1] 孙建中[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学地质学系,西安710069 [2]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2005年第3期125-132,共8页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(19901611)

摘　　要：对黄土高原中部南侧西安一带进行采样及孢粉分析,初步探讨和证实了一万年来西安地区植被的发育演替,详细地论证了该地区的古气候环境以及植被、气候和环境在时间上的演化规律和在空间上的差异,总结了早、中、晚全新世在该区发育的植被及其所代表的气候环境。根据西安蓝田、半坡两个剖面各17个样品的分析,将孢粉图式分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ带,分别代表全新世早、中、晚3个时期的孢粉带。蓝田剖面显示:Ⅰ带为蒿属优势带;Ⅱ带为栎-榛-榆增长带及蒿-环纹藻优势带→栎-鹅耳枥-菊增长带;Ⅲ带为松-菊-藜-中华卷柏增长带。研究认为:早全新世植被为疏林草原,气候较冷较干;中全新世植被为温带落叶阔叶林为主的森林草原并掺杂少量亚热带植物,气候温暖湿润;晚全新世植被为以松、蒿为主的森林草原,气候转向温凉干旱。By conducting sampling and pollen analysis in the south of Xi＇an in the middle of Loess Plateau, the authors have preliminarily studied and confirmed as well the evolution of vegetation over ten thousand years in Xi＇an region. We demonstrated in detail the palaeoclimatic environment and vegetation in this region as well as the evolutionary laws of palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment through time, and also their differences through space. Then we gave the conclusion of the Holocene climatic environment. Finally, we drew a conclusion that the vegetations grew once a time in this region and described climatic environments it represented during the ancient three stages of early Holocene, middle Holocene and late Holocene. We have analyzed quite a few pollens and spores from thirty-four samples of two loess sections, and plotted a concentration sporopollen diagram of the loess strata. The evolution of vegetation during Holocene and the corresponding climate in time and space in the region has been brought to light by an analysis of the variation of sporopollen assemblages in the two sections. The results indicate that climate in early Holocene was cold and dry,in middle Holocene was warm and wet,and in late Holocene was warm,cold and dry.

关 键 词：孢粉 古植被古气候环境 全新世黄土 黄土高原西安地区 

分 类 号：P531[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]