几种常用土壤杀菌剂对木霉菌防治甜瓜枯萎病效果的影响  

Effect of Soil Chemical Fungicides on Biocontrol Efficiency of Trichoderma against Melon Wilt

作　　者：庄敬华[1] 杨长城[1] 高增贵[1] 陈捷[2] 牟连晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院,沈阳市东陵路120号110161 [2]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,201101

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2005年第8期15-17,共3页China Vegetables

基　　金：农业部"948"项目(201056);辽宁省"十五"科技攻关重点项目(2001208001);辽宁省自然科学基金(20032087)

摘　　要：通过室内抑菌和温室盆栽试验,就几种常用土壤杀菌剂对木霉菌防治甜瓜枯萎病效果的影响进行了研究。结果表明,多菌灵对镰刀菌及木霉菌的菌丝生长具有较强的抑制作用,其EC50分别为3.01和0.75mg·L-1;在土壤内木霉菌对福美双具有较强的耐药性,但田间防效并不理想;恶霉灵在田间使用浓度下与木霉菌具有显著的协同增效作用,其EC50为261mg·L-1;用2000、4000倍液进行土壤处理后,随着培养时间的增长,木霉菌繁殖数量增大;恶霉灵与木霉菌结合使用防治甜瓜枯萎病相对防效达79.27%,与单独使用恶霉灵相比可提高防效17.82%,与单独使用木霉菌相比,可提高防效63.24%。The influence of several kinds of fungicides on the controlling efficiency of Trichoderma aganist to melon wilt （Fusarium oxysporum）was investigated by laboratory bioassay and pot culture experiment. Results showed that carbendazim had strong inhibition to the growth of Trichoderma and F. oxyporum with EC50 values of 3.01 and 0.75 mg·L^-1 , respectively. Trichoderma showed stronger resistance to thiram than F. oxysporum did but did not work well in the field. Hymexazol applied at concentrations of 2 000 and 4 000 dilution had synergistic action with Trichoderrrta, and the EC50 value was 261 mg·L^-1. The reproduction of Trichoderma increased with the culture time increased. Relative control effect of hymexazol combined with Trichoderma against F. oxysporum reached 79.27 % , which was increased by 17.82 % and 63.24 % respectively compared to be used singly.

关 键 词：杀菌剂 枯萎病菌 木霉菌 抑制率 土壤杀菌剂 枯萎病 甜瓜 防治 田间防效 协同增效作用 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]