寒地水稻秆腐菌核病菌的生物学研究  

Biological characteristics of Nakataea sigmoidae on rice

作　　者：吴海燕[1] 周勋波[1] 辛惠普[2] 靳学慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植保学院,山东泰安271018 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学植物科技学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《植物保护》2005年第4期48-52,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：黑龙江省科委资助项目(9503010209)

摘　　要：研究结果表明,水稻秆腐菌核病菌可利用多种碳源和氮源,碳源以可溶性淀粉最好,氮源以酒石酸铵最好,混合碳源(蔗糖+鼠李糖)对病菌菌丝生长有促进作用,比单独蔗糖和鼠李糖生长的好;病菌能在多种天然培养基上生长并形成菌核;菌丝在碳氮比为60∶1的培养基上生长最好;生长物质VB6+肌醇、VB6+谷氨酰胺等11个组合对菌丝生长有促进作用;微量元素中亚铁、锰和硼对菌丝生长有抑制作用;液体培养中以Czapek培养基生长最好,但不利于菌核的形成;菌核在15～35℃均可萌发,最适温度为30℃;菌核在0.05%葡萄糖溶液、蒸馏水、水琼脂上均可萌发,以0.05%葡萄糖溶液萌发最好.The results suggested that the pathogen could use many kinds of carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） sources. The optimum C and N sources are soluble starch and ammonium tartaric, respectively. It could utilize mixed C sources and the mixture of sucrose and rhamnose could accelerate growth of mycelium, because mycelium grew faster in the mixture of sucrose and rhamnose than in either sucrose or rhamnose only. The fund could grow and produce sclerotia in various natural nutrition. Different ratios of C and N could affect the growth of myceliurn, and the optimum C/N ratio is 60. Eleven medium combinations including VB6 ＋ Inositol and VB6 ＋ Glutamine could accelerate mycelial growth. The trace elements such as Fe^＋＋ , Mn and B inhibited mycelial growth. The pathogen could grow in liquid media, the best of which is the Czapek , but it was harmful to the production of sclerotia. Sclerotinia could germinate under the temperature between 15 35℃ and the optimum temperature is 30℃. Sclerotia could germinate in 0.05 % glucose solution, distilled water and water agar, and the germination percentage is the highest in 0.05 % glucose solution.

关 键 词：植物病理学 水稻秆腐菌核病菌 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S435.111.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]