从“第四点计划”到和平队:美国对发展中国家援助理论与实践的转变  

From Point Four to Peace Corps:the Transformation of American Foreign Aid Theory and Practice to Developing Countries

作　　者：刘国柱[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史系,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《史学月刊》2005年第8期71-74,共4页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：肯尼迪政府组建和平队,以志愿者的形式,向不发达国家提供所谓“中等人力资源”,进行技术援助,实际上是对战后美国对外援助工作反思的结果,同时也为美国对外援助注入了新的内容。它所涉及的更为深层的考虑,则是广大不发达国家未来的发展道路问题,即这些国家以什么样的方式实现现代化,是以美国为代表的资本主义发展模式,还是以苏联或中国为代表的社会主义发展模式。肯尼迪政府希望,通过和平队的工作,向第三世界国家展示美国的现代化经验和技术,诱导第三世界国家走美国式的现代化道路。Kennedy Administration organized the Peace Corps by taking the form of volunteers. This organization provided the so-called Middle-level Manpower to the undeveloped countries in order to offer technological aid. In fact, its emergence is the result of the reflection on America＇s postwar foreign aid work. It also adds new content to America＇s foreign aid work. Its deeper consideration is the issue of the future development path of numerous undeveloped countries, that is, those countries intend to realize modernization in what way, by following the capitalist development model represented by America or the socialist development model represented by the Soviet Union or China. Kennedy Administration intended to show America＇s experience and technology of modernization to the Third World countries, thus luring those countries to take the Americanized modernization path.

关 键 词：第四点 和平队 肯尼迪 发展中国家 现代化 

分 类 号：K712.54[历史地理—历史学]