海表面盐度的微波遥感——平静海面的微波辐射机理研究  

Microwave remote sensing of sea surface salinity--a study on microwave radiation theory of calm sea surface

作　　者：殷晓斌 [1] 刘玉光 [1] 张汉德 [2] 修鹏 [1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学物理海洋实验室,青岛,266003 [2]国家海洋局北海分局,青岛,266033

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2005年第8期86-90,共5页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)

摘　　要：基于平静海面微波辐射理论和海水相对电容率εr的经验公式,探讨了平静海面在L波段(1.4GHz)的微波辐射特性.依据两个不同的经验公式获得的海水相对电容率εr有较大差异,这种差异也体现在盐度反演结果上.海表面温度TS越高,海表面盐度SS对平静海面亮温(Tbv或Tbh)的影响越大,即|( )Tbv,bh/( )SS|越大.因此,在TS较高的海域,SS遥感容易达到较高的精度;反之,SS反演的精度则会降低.采用小角度入射角观测方案进行SS遥感具有优势.此时,SS和TS越高,则前述两种海水相对电容率εr经验公式反演SS的差异越小.在较小的入射角条件下,对于具有较高TS和SS的平静海面,使用现有海水相对电容率εr经验公式反演SS比较可行.而对于具有较低SS的近岸海域,则反演的SS可能产生比较大的误差.The properties of emission at L-band （1.4GHz） of calm sea surface and seawater pennittivity are investigated in this paper, which are very important for sea surface salinity （SSS） retrieval. There are obvious differences between two different seawater permittivity models and these difference will influence the results of retrieved of SSS. Small incidence angle is of benefit to improving the precision of SSS retrieval. When zenith angle is small, the higher the sea surface temperature and salinity are, the larger the change of brightness temperature with salinity （i. e. t ｜aTbv,bh/aSs｜ ） will be, and the smaller the differences between the two pennittivity models will be. In the condition of small incidence angle, for the calm sea surface with high temperature and salinity, it is easier to retrieve SSS with high precision.

关 键 词：遥感 发射率 海表面温度 海表面盐度 相对电容率 微波辐射特性 微波遥感 海面 机理研究 盐度 

分 类 号：P716.12[天文地球—海洋科学] TP722.6[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]