近50年来洞庭湖区的内湖变化  

Changes of Inner Lakes in Lake Dongting District in the Past 50 Years

作　　者：黄群[1] 姜加虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2005年第3期202-206,共5页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程方向性项目(KXCX3-SW-331)中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所知识创新工程特别支持重大项目"我国不同气候区湖泊演变与重大环境问题;发生机制及其控制对策研究"共同资助.

摘　　要：洞庭湖区除洞庭湖外,在圩垸内尚分布着为数众多的内湖,近50年来,由于人类活动的强烈作用,内湖与洞庭湖一样呈现出急剧萎缩的态势,1km2以上内湖的数量由20世纪50年代的255个减少到目前的122个,湖泊面积也由1534.4km2缩小至644.2km2,其衰亡的速度甚至超过了洞庭湖.分析洞庭湖区内湖急剧萎缩的原因,其主要表现为前期是围湖造田,后期为湖泊鱼塘化.Except the main Lake Dongting, there are some inner lakes located at low-lying fields surrounded by protective embankments in Lake Dongting areas,Due to the influence of human activities,inner lakes was shrinked as well in pace with the main lake,especially in the past 50 years or so, Comparisons of lake status statistics in different periods, i.e. 1950s, 1980s and 2001, revealed that the number of inner lakes（ with areas more than 1 km^2 ） had been decreased from 255 to 122 since 1950s, with total inner lakes area from 1534.4 km^2 to 644.2 km^2 , showing a more rapid shrinkage than that of the main lake. That the reclamation of lake area for fanning in early years especially in 1950s - 1980s, and fish culture activities in 1980s and onwards are the two main reasons for inner lake shrinking.

关 键 词：洞庭湖区 内湖 萎缩 20世纪50年代 湖泊面积 人类活动 围湖造田 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]