白云岩成因的研究现状及相关发展趋势  

Study Actuality and Trend on Origin of Dolostone

作　　者：孙健[1] 董兆雄[2] 郑琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油学院研究生院 [2]西南石油学院资源与环境学院

出　　处：《海相油气地质》2005年第3期25-30,共6页Marine Origin Petroleum Geology

基　　金：四川省重点学科建设项目基金资助;项目编号:SZD0414

摘　　要：白云岩占地壳沉积岩体积的20%,是碳酸盐岩地层中最主要的油气储渗体。白云岩成因是碳酸盐岩岩石学中最复杂、争论时间最久、最难解决的问题之一。根据机理的不同,当前各种主要的白云岩成因模式可划分为三大类:(1)原生白云石模式;(2)次生白云石化模式;(3)其他模式。虽然原生白云石的例子已被大量发现,但是,它们是否属真正的原生白云石仍将继续讨论下去。次生白云石化成因的实例远比原生白云石成因的多,这类模式可再细分为高盐度白云石化、低盐度白云石化、正常海水白云石化、热液白云石化等。其他模式主要有埋藏白云石化、生物白云石化、沉积—热液模式、玄武岩淋滤白云石化、出溶作用模式等。白云岩研究的热点问题及研究发展方向可以归纳为五个方面:全球气候变化与白云石化事件;大地构造环境和沉积作用对白云岩分布的控制;白云石化作用与层序地层学(相对海平面变化);新的研究手段的应用;“盖帽”白云岩。The dolostone that occupies 20% volume of sedimentary rock in the earth＇s crust is one of the most important carbonate reservoirs for oil and gas accumulation.However the origin of dolostone is quite complex and difficult to solve in long term in the domain of carbonate petrology.According to different mechanism put forward,all the current main origin models of dolostone can be classified into three groups：model of primary dolomite,model of secondary dolomitization,and other models.Ahhough a great many cases of primary dolomite have been discovered up to date,what is the genuine primary dolomite will be still discussed in the future. The model cases of secondary dolomitization are much more than those of the primary dolomite, which can be subclassified into high-salinity dolomitization,low-salinity dolomitization,normal seawater dolomitization and hydrothermal dolomitization.Other models include burried dolomitization,biologic dolomitization,sedimentary-hydrothermal dolomitization,basalt-leaching dolomitization, exsolution, and others. The research hotspots and trends on dolostone can be concluded as： （1） global climate change and dolomitization events;（2） control of geotectonic environment and sedimentation to distribution of dolostone;（3） dolomitization and sequence stratigraphy; and （4） application of new research means; （5） “cap” dolomite.

关 键 词：白云岩 岩石成因 成因模式 白云石化作用 研究进展 发展趋势 原生白云石 碳酸盐岩地层 相对海平面变化 现状 

分 类 号：P618.510.1[天文地球—矿床学] P588.245[天文地球—地质学]