凤凰城旅游景区转让后的效应评价  

Evaluation of the Effects of the Remise of the Operational Right of Scenic Areas in Fenghuang County

作　　者：王凯[1] 谭华云[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心 [2]中南大学政治学与行政管理学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2005年第4期37-42,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：湖南省社会科学院;湖南省旅游学会基金项目"旅游业整合发展途径探讨"(湘社科[2004]21号);湖南省教育厅科研项目"湖南旅游产业竞争力现状与培植对策研究"(04C341)之子项目的部分成果

摘　　要：在我国经济市场化改革的大背景下,转让景区经营权、实行企业化运作成为一些风景名胜区经营管理改革过程中的一种制度创新模式。地处西部大开发战略圈中的湘西凤凰县由于在旅游开发中受到了资金缺口和管理瓶颈的双重制约,于2001年底将其辖域内的八大景区(点)的50年经营权转让给了湖南黄龙洞投资股份有限公司。景区经营权转让是一个十分复杂而敏感的话题。本文避开关于景区经营权转让的各种是非争论,基于对旅游地社区各利益主体以及旅游者的实地调查和访谈记录分析,对凤凰景区企业化运作三年来的绩效与影响作了较为客观的评诂,并就如何完善景区企业化运作模式、规避经营管理风险和负面影响等提出了相关理论思考和政策建议。Against the background of the market - oriented economy reform in our country, the remise of the operational rights turns to be a pattern of institutional innovation in the course of the administration and management reform for some tourist areas, especially, in the western regions of China. Conditioned by both funds and management skills, Fenghuang County, Htman Province, situated in the southwest part of China, transferred the 50 years＇ operational rights of eight scenic areas to a privately owned and operated company named Huanglongdong Investment Company Limited at the end of 2001. The remise of the operational rights of scenic spots, which collides with China＇s current legal provisions, has exerted tremendous influence on regional economy, traditional culture, folkways, physical and social environment of the tourist destination community, is a perplexing and a sensitive topic in present China. This paper, however, with no intention to be involved in the controversies on the above-mentioned topic, only aims at revealing the practical performances and influences stemmed from the Fenghuang Model which has been put into practice for as long as 3 years by a heavy program of field work. Moreover, some theoretical conclusions as well as tentative for optimizing the market - orientated administrative pattern of scenic areas, evading the risks and negative effects in the course of tourism development are also put forward at the end of the paper, of which a rational treatment of the relevant short-term and longterm, the reinforcement of the system to evade the cooperation risks between the investors and other stakeholders, the consummation of community participation mechanism to minimize the negative impacts are included. The above research is to put forward a cross-reference for similar tourist areas in China to achieve the goal of benign and sustainable development.

关 键 词：景区经营权转让 旅游地杜区 影响 凤凰模式 

分 类 号：F592.3[经济管理—旅游管理]