黄鲷胚胎及卵黄囊仔鱼的形态发育  

Development of embryo and yold-sac larva of Dentex tumifrons(Temminck et Schlegal)

作　　者：夏连军[1] 施兆鸿[1] 王建钢[1] 陆建学[1] 赵荣兴[1] 谢立峰 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]浙江省舟山市水产研究所,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2005年第5期533-540,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院科研基金项目(2001-1-1);上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(043919348)

摘　　要：对人工暂养1周年的野生黄鲷[Dentex tumifrons(Temminck et Schlegel)]进行注射催产激素,成功完成黄鲷的人工繁殖、孵化并培育出黄鲷幼鱼.通过对人工催产所获得的黄鲷受精卵胚胎发育、卵黄囊仔鱼形态发育全过程进行观察,研究其胚胎发育特征.结果表明:(1)黄鲷受精卵和初孵仔鱼比其他鲷科鱼类的略小,受精卵径为0.834～0.998 mm、油球直径为0.184～0.198 mm、初孵仔鱼全长2.25 mm.(2)在水温(19.5±0.5)℃、盐度34.0条件下,受精卵经36～40 h孵化出仔鱼.(3)3日龄仔鱼消化道开通,但还不能摄食;4日龄仔鱼下颌能自如活动并摄取食物,仔鱼卵黄吸收完毕进入外源营养和内源营养混合期.(4)7日龄仔鱼油球完全吸收,仔鱼进入外源性营养期.(5)仔鱼在4日龄若未能摄食到食物则在8～9日龄开始死亡.文中还就黄鲷胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼与同科鱼类真鲷、黑鲷的区别进行了比较.The information about embryonic development and yolk sac larval morphological development of Pagrosornus major and Acanthopagrus schlegeli has been reported, but no report was on Dentex turnifrons （Temminck et Schlegel）. By injecting LHRH-A3 and DOM into 3-year-old Dentex turnifrons, the artificial propagation, egg hatchery and larva breeding was successful. The embryo development of the fertilized eggs and morphometric cytology development of yolk-sac larval Dentex turnifrons was investigated. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） Both the fertilized eggs and the just-hatched-larvae were slightly smaller than those of other species of Sparidae. The diameter of egg and oil globule was 0. 834 - 0. 998 mm and 0. 184 - 0. 198 mm, respectively. The total length of the just-hatched-larvae was 2.25 mm. （2） The embryo was hatched for 36 - 40 h after fertilization at water temperature （ 19.5 ± 0.5） ℃ and salinity 34.0. （3） The digestive duct in the larvae was formed, but the larvae did not start to feed until 4th day, and it could move its mandible freely. Its yolk was absorbed completely and the larvae came into the stage of the mixotrophic. （4） At the stage of 7-day larva, the oil globule was absorbed completely, and the larvae came into the stage of nutrition outside. （5）If the 4-day-old larvae were unable to feed, it would be dying on day 8 to day 9. The differences of morphological characteristics of embryo and yolk sac larvae among Dentex turnifrons, Pagrosornus major and Acanthopagrus schlegeli of Sparidae were compared. The study aimed to lay the foundation for resource resumption and artificial breeding of Dentex turnifrons.

关 键 词：黄鲷 胚胎 卵黄囊仔鱼 形态发育 

分 类 号：Q959.483[生物学—动物学]