杂交中稻、再生稻两季高产组合的主要特征特性及配合力效应  

Analysis of combining ability effect and the dominant characteristics of crosses with high yields in twice of hybrid mid-season and ratooning rice

作　　者：任天举 张晓春 王培华 李经勇 

机构地区：[1]重庆再生稻研究中心,重庆永川402160

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2005年第4期382-386,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市科委"优质高产抗逆杂交水稻新品种选育及利用"项目(6887)

摘　　要：3次选用三系不育系和恢复系各6个,采用不完全双列杂交模式,共组配108个杂交组合,从中筛选出优I多系1、辐优99-7、渝182优926等12个中稻、再生稻产量均较高、两季总产显著超过对照汕优63的组合。这些组合与对照相比,多数具有头季稻熟期较早、后期冠层绿叶面积大、光合产物转运通畅、谷草比值高、减穗增粒增重、植株增高而抗倒力较强和再生历期延长、穗少粒多、结实率高等特征特性。配合力分析表明:一般配合力(Gca)效应和特殊配合力(Sca)效应对中稻、再生稻以及两季总产均有极显著的影响,而起主导作用的是前者;Gca值和Sca值以及配合力总效应(Tca)均与单株产量呈高度正相关,故上述两季总产显著增产组合的Tca值均较高,表明Tca值可作为两季高产组合的衡量指标之一。Using 6 CMS lines and 6 restorer lines for 3 times, a NCⅡ model was designed to form 108 hybrid crosses. Among them, 12 hybrid crosses were screened out, including You Ⅰ Duoxi 1, Fuyou 99-7, Yu 182 You 926 and etc., of which yields in one season or total yield in two seasons were significantly higher that of CK Shanyou 63. Compared with Shanyou 63, theses crosses had the characteristics of earlier maturity, larger greenery canopy, smoother transfer of photosynthetic production, higher ratio of grain to straw, increased plant height and stronger resistance to lodging, longer ratooning duration, higher bearing rate and so on. Analysis of combining ability showed that the effect of Gca and Sca significantly influenced yields of main crop and ratooning rice,and its total yields in two seasons,but effect of Gea was dominant. There was significantly positive relationship among the value of Gca,Sca and Tea to grains weight per plant. Therefore, the crosses with higher total yields in two seasons had larger value of Tea. The results showed that Tea value might used as one of indexes to measure high yields crosses in both hybrid mid-season and ratooning rice.

关 键 词：杂交中稻 再生稻 两季高产 配合力效应 

分 类 号：S511.32[农业科学—作物学]