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作 者:章琦[1]
机构地区:[1]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,北京100081
出 处:《中国水稻科学》2005年第5期453-459,共7页Chinese Journal of Rice Science
基 金:国家自然科学基金资助项目(39470438;39970452);美国洛克菲勒基金资助项目(RF97001;*586)
摘 要:1982~1987年,日本热带农业研究中心(TARC)和国际水稻研究所(IRRI)合作采取统一研究方案,创建了国际水稻白叶枯病抗性鉴别系统.统一了命名,删去了重复(包括与Xa3相同的Xa4 b、Xa6和xa9).截至2005年6月,经国际注册确认和期刊报道的水稻白叶枯病抗性基因共30个,其中Xa22(t)、Xa26(t)、xa26(t)、Xa27(t)、xa28(t)、Xa29(t)和3个Xa25(t)为暂定名基因,有待订正.在30个基因中,21个为显性基因(Xa),9个为隐性基因(xa);13个表现全生育期抗性,15个为成株期抗性,Xa21和Xa25(t)(O.minuta)两个基因在分蘖后期表达抗性.已被定位的抗性基因有17个,即第11染色体上有7个,Xa3、Xa4、Xa10、Xa21、Xa22(t)、Xa23和Xa26;第4染色体上有4个,Xa1、Xa2、Xa12和Xa14;第5染色体上有2个,xa5和xa13;第6染色体上有Xa7和Xa27;第12染色上有Xa25(t);第1染色体上有Xa29(t).包括Xa1、xa5、Xa21、Xa26五个基因已被克隆.并讨论了合理利用抗性基因等问题.The international differential system for resistance to bacterial blight(BB) was established using a common base of research methods by collaborative studies between Tropical Agricultural Research Center(TARC) and International Rice Research Institute(IRRI) in 1982-1987. Up to June 2005, there are a total of 30 BB resistance genes registered internationally or reported in international journals. Among them, the genes Xa22(t), Xa26(t), xa26(t), Xa27(t), Xa28(t), Xa29(t) and three Xa25(t) were tentatively designated and subjected to further be re-arranged. Twenty-one and 9 out of the 30 Xa genes are dominant and recessive, respectively. Thirteen genes exhibit all-growth-stage resistance, two genes Xa21 and Xa25 (t)(O. minuta) express resistance at the later tillering stage, and the other 15 genes confer only adult-stage resistance. Seventeen Xa genes were mapped, including Xa3, Xa4, Xa10, Xa21, Xa22it), Xa23, and Xa26 nn chromosome 11; Xal , Xa2, Xa12, and Xa14 on chromosome 4; xa5 and xa13 on chromosome 5; Xa7 and Xa27(t) on chromosome 6; Xa25(t) on chromosome 12; and Xa29(t) on chromosome 1. Five Xa genes were cloned, including Xa1 , xaS, Xa21 , Xa26 and Xa27. Application of resistance to bacterial blight was also discussed.
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