宁南山区旱地胡麻生产力与水分利用特征  

Study on Dryland Flax's Productivity and its Characters of Water Use in Southern Ningxia Hilly Area

作　　者：赵克学[1] 陈国良[1] 郭保安 穆兴民[1] 徐学选[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏固原县科委,中国科学院水土保持研究所,水利部水土保持研究所

出　　处：《水土保持研究》1996年第1期76-80,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：通过１９９０～１９９２年三个年度对宁南旱地胡麻生产力与水分利用特证试验分析，结果表明：该区旱地胡麻生产旱作潜力为１０４ｋｇ左右，水分生产率最高为０．３１ｋｇ／ｍｍ，耗水量２８０～３２０ｍｍ．耗水上层深度平均１．９ｍ，最大２．８ｍ，对土壤有效水的利用率为４２．８％；在目前生产条件下，施肥量在０～１５ｋｇ范围内，胡麻的产量随施肥量的增加而上升，在胡麻一生耗水中，生育期降雨占５６％，土壤供水占４４％，耗水层次基本上在２ｍ上层以内，占总耗水的９４．４％，从不同的阶段耗水看，前期（播种—纵形）占全生育期耗水１４．９％，中期（纵形—终花）占５８．３％．后期（终花—成熟）占２６．８％，最大耗水强度出现在现蕾—终花，日耗水平均为４．７４ｍｍ，从整个水分供需平衡看，中期水分亏缺严重，占该期需水量的６８．４％。Through analysisng three year's data of flax's productivity and its water use characters. the results show: The flax's yield could reach at 104kg/mu in normal rainstyle of year, and its WUE was 0. 31kg/mm, evaporation and plant transpiration (ET) ranged 280￣320mm.The mean depth of water consulmption was 1.9m, the highest was 2. 8m. its soil water use efficiency was 42. 8 %. At present condition, by fertilized 0￣ 15kg/mu, flax yield would be increased by added fertilizer. In flax's life, the rainwater account for 56 % of total ET. soil water by 44 %, which 94. 4 % was from within 0￣2m depth. The total ET consist of 14. 9% in former stage, 58. 3 % in middle stage, 26. 8 % in later stage. The highest ET was in the filling stage which was 4. 74mm/d. From water balance, the middle stage would be serious by water lack, the balance would be 68. 4% of total ET.

关 键 词：胡麻 生产力 水分利用率 旱地 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]