甜瓜授粉受精生物学研究  

Biological Observation on Pollination and Fertilization in Muskmelon

作　　者：马德伟[1] 呼仁陶 孙岚[1] 高锁柱[1] 荣广哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学种质中心瓜类室

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》1996年第1期26-31,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：授粉后，甜瓜花粉在柱头上约２５ｍｉｎ开始萌发，１．５ｈ花粉管已进入子房顶部胚珠之间，８ｈ后花粉管尖端开始释放物质进行受精；花粉管生长速度，在柱头内为１．９１ｍｍ／ｈ，子房内为０．６６ｍｍ／ｈ．花粉管在体内的生长速度与温度和生理状态都有关；培养基上的离体花粉在１８～３５℃之间，花粉管生长速度与温度呈高度正相关；开花前一天蕾期授粉也能受精结实，但花粉萌发率较低，花粉管生长较慢。With a fluorescent-staining technique the results of observation on pollination and fertilization under microscope in Muskmelon showed that, pollen grains germinated 25min after pollination, pollen tubes entered apical end of the ovary 1.5h later and reached base end of the ovary in 24h with most of the embryo sacs having finished double fertilizations. The measure of extending speed of the pollen tubes was 1.91 mm/h in stigma and 0.66 mm/h.in ovary, respectively. Most of the pollen tubes extended in strand through central channel of the ovary. Laboratory test of pollen germination on artificial media with temperature ranging from 18 to 35℃ indicated that a high positive relation (r=0.98) occurred between the extending speed of pollen tubes and temperatures. Under the condition of bud pollination one day before flowering, the double fertilizations still could be finished so that seeds could be produced.

关 键 词：甜瓜 授精 受精 生物学 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]