生态防护工程对高速公路边坡土壤保持效率的影响  

The Effect of Ecological Protective Measures on Freeway Slope Soil Conservative Efficiency

作　　者：田国行[1] 田耀武[1] 路玲[1] 王凯[1] 张国育 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学园艺学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南高速公路发展有限责任公司,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2005年第3期259-264,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(0424450009)

摘　　要：研究了郑州市西南绕城高速公路边坡发生土壤流失的规律及不同生态防护工程的影响.结果表明,在植被覆盖度相同时(90%,70%,50%,30%,10%),不同生态防护工程(小拱架,方形网,无生态防护)下的边坡土壤流失量和流失速率各不相同.提出了土壤保持效率的概念和计算方法,建立了3种类型边坡土壤流失量与降雨量,土壤流失速率与降雨强度关系模型,得出3种边坡防护类型土壤流失量与降雨量,土壤流失速率与降雨强度呈较好的幂函数关系;当植被覆盖度为50%～55% 时,小拱架、方形网生态防护工程土壤保持效率达到最大值,小拱架生态防护土壤保持效率平均为方形网的1.28倍.Based on the observed date of Zhengzhou Southwest Exurban Freeway, the paper discussed the effects between soil erosion and rainfall in the vegetative cover rate（90% ,70% ,50% ,30%, 10% ）. According to the experimental scheme, some indexes of soil erosion were measured in small arch protection slope, pane protection slope and nature slope. And it simulated the soil and water loss equations between the soil erosion and rainfall at five vegetation coverage levels. And the results indicated that soil loss ratio decreased exponentially with the increase of vegetation cover, while it increased powerfully with the increase of rainfall. The protection efficiency increased with the coverage rate. When the vegetative cover was 50% ～ 55%, the protection efficiency reached the max, and then it decreased with the vegetative cover ratio . The average of arch protection efficiency was 1 .28 times that of the pane protection.

关 键 词：生态防护工程 边坡 模型 土壤保持效率 小拱架生态防护 方形网生态防护 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]