论特强沙尘暴(黑风)的物理特征及其气候效应  

On Physical Characteristics of Heavy Dust Storm and Its Climatic Effect

作　　者：张强[1] 王胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2005年第5期675-681,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金："西部开发科技行动"重大项目"祁连山空中云水资源开发利用研究"(2004BA901A16));国家自然科学基金项目(编号40175004)共同资助

摘　　要：在总结过去研究结果的基础上,对特强沙尘暴的发生机制进行了进一步的理论分析,探讨了大气强对流对特强沙尘暴(黑风)形成的作用;从物理上系统解释了特强沙尘暴天气的沙尘壁特征;概述了特强沙尘暴的大气沙尘粒子尺度和垂直分布;定性评估了沙尘暴的直接和间接、短期和长期气候效应;最后,还讨论了沙尘暴研究中存在的一些关键科学问题。Based on the past research works we theoretically analyzed the formation mechanism of heavy dust storm and discussed the action of atmospheric strong advection to heavy dust storm （black wind）. Then, we systematically explained the dust wall s character of heavy dust storm weather from physics aspect. Besides, we have summarized the scale and the vertical distribution of atmospheric particles in heavy dust storm; have qualitatively evaluated the climatic effect of dust storm from direct or indirect aspects, and from shortterm or long- term aspects. Finally, we discussed some key scientific problems in dust storm research.

关 键 词：特强沙尘暴 发生机制 物理特征 沙尘壁 气候效应 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]