软件企业职工心身健康状况及影响因素  

A survey on mental health status of employees in soft-ware enterprise

作　　者：李武[1] 胡春凤[2] 邓云龙[3] 成义仁[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院精神卫生研究所,长沙现在410011 [2]济宁医学院第二附属医院 [3]中南大学湘雅三医院心身医学科

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》2005年第9期818-819,824,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

摘　　要：目的了解软件企业(以下简称“软企”)职工心身健康水平及影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90,不含“精神病因子”)、应激敏感性量表(SUS)、简易应对方式问卷(CPS)以及自拟的应激感受量表(SRS),对软企职工进行评估,并采用t检验及多因素逐步回归分析的方法研究其心身健康状况及影响因素。结果软企职工SCL-90中强迫、偏执两因子均分显著高于全国常模。依次为:(1.74±0.57)分vs(1.62±0.58)分(P<0.01);(1.50±0.54)分vs(1.43±0.57)分(P<0.01)。人际关系敏感、焦虑两因子均分低于全国常模。依次为:(1.59±0.55)分vs(1.65±0.51)分(P<0.05);(1.34±0.43)分vs(1.39±0.43)分(P<0.05)。有8%的软企职工存在不同程度的心身健康问题,其中较为常见的心理症状为强迫、人际关系敏感、偏执、敌对与焦虑等。积极、消极应对方式分均显著高于常模。依次为:(3.22±0.52)分vs(1.78±0.52)分(P<0.01);(2.36±0.54)分vs(1.59±0.66)分(P<0.01)。家庭应激、社交应激、SUS总分、工作应激、性别及消极应对方式依次进入回归方程。结论软企职工的心身健康问题不容忽视。应激的高感受量与高敏感性、应激应付资源的缺乏是导致心身健康状况不良的重要因素,女性较男性更易出现心身症状。Objective To evaluate the mental health status of the employees in soft-ware enterprises. Methods 450 soft-ware enterprise employees were tested by Symptom Checklist （SCL）, Susceptibility to Stress （SUS） , Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （CPS） and Stress Recept Scale （SRS）. Results Compared with the SCL-90 norm , the employees had higher obsession and paranoid subscale scores（ P 〈 0. 01 ）, lower interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety subscale scores （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. 8% of the subjects had particular mental health prob- lems. In these problems, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid symptom, hostility and anxiety are common. The scores of CPS positive and CPS negative were both higher than its norm （ P〈0. 01 ）. The family stress, sociality stress, total scores of SUS, sex and CPS negative enter the regression equation in turn. Conclusion The mental health problems of soft-ware enterprise employees should be paid attention to. The severe stress recept, high sensitivity and lack of stress coping resources are important contributing factors to bad mental health status in software enterprise, and women have higher risk to get mental problems than men.

关 键 词：软企职工 心理 应激 软件企业职工 心身健康状况 简易应对方式问卷 症状自评量表 多因素逐步回归分析 人际关系敏感 工作应激 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]