无创性AVAPS通气技术在慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并呼吸衰竭患者中应用研究  被引量:2

The application and effects of noninvasive AVAPS ventilation on respiratory mechanics in patients with COPD associated respiratory failure

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作  者:陈宇清[1] 周新[1] 赵冰清[2] 

机构地区:[1]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院呼吸科,上海200080 [2]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院急诊科,上海200080

出  处:《生物医学工程与临床》2005年第5期274-276,共3页Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Medicine

摘  要:目的比较双重控制型(dual control)通气技术——平均容积保证压力支持(AVAPS)通气与标准压力支持通气(PSV)对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并呼吸衰竭患者通气参数的影响。方法COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者36例,平均年龄(65±4)岁(62~76岁),其中男29例,女7例。在给予常规内科治疗的同时,行面罩无创性正压通气(NIPPV)支持。首先应用BiPAP Vision型呼吸机在比例辅助通气(PAV)模式下采用脱逸法(run away)测定患者的呼吸系统黏性阻力(Rrs)和弹性阻力(Ers),然后进行PSV和AVAPS通气各30 min。AVAPS通气时的目标潮气量(VTtarget)为500 ml,监测患者在不同通气型式时呼吸力学参数的变化。结果36例患者的Rrs为(1.100±0.147)kPa/(L.s)[(11.2±1.5)cmH2O/(L.s)],Ers为(2.338±0.216)kPa/L[(23.8±2.2)cmH2O/L]。与PSV相比,AVAPS通气时患者的气道峰压(PIP)和潮气量(VT)有所增高,而RR、MV略有降低,但均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。AVAPS通气时患者的RSBI呈明显降低[(33±4)与(42±5),P<0.05],且VT多维持在450~550 ml,与未应用AVAPS时相比有统计学意义[(68%±10%)与(44%±9%)/P<0.05]。结论AVAPS技术内含双重控制原理,通气时呼吸机根据实际潮气量的变化来调整吸气压力和吸气流速的大小以提供预置目标潮气量,并可明显减轻患者呼吸肌作功。Objective To compare the effects of two noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) patterns, average volume assured pressure support (AVAPS) and conventional pressure support ventilation (PSV), on respiratory mechanics in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) associated chronic respiratory failure. Methods Thirty-six COPD patients with chronic respiratory failure [mean age (65±4) years old[ were ventilated by a face mask. The respiratory mechanics were estimated by using run away approach during proportional assisted ventilation (PAV). Ventilatory parameters were measured at 30 min after different pattern ventilation. Results In these 36 patients, the average resistance (Rrs) was ( 1.100±0.147) kPa/ (L·s)[(11.2±1.5) cmH2O/(L·s)],elastance (Ers) was (2.338±0.216) kPa/L[(23.8± 2.2) cmH2O/L]. Compared with PSV, the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and tidal volume (VT) were slight increasd, while respiratory rate (RR) and minute volume (MV) was lower than that in AVAPS ventilation (all P 〉 0.05). In AVAPS pattern, rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) was markedly decreased 33±4 than that in PSV 42±5 (P 〈 0.05 ), but the precentage of acceptable VT (450±550 ml) was obviously increased 68 %±10 % than that in PSV 44 %±9 % (P 〈 0.05). Conclusion The AVAPS is a new mechanical ventilatory technique using dual control theory. It adjusts automatically the pressure support level to provide a more constant tidal volume to the patient and the patient's work for breathing (WOB) might be reduced.

关 键 词:双重控制 压力支持通气 无创正压通气 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 

分 类 号:R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]

 

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