围产儿缺氧缺血性脑病124例的临床及病理学研究  

AClinical┐PathologicalStudyonHypoxicIschemicEncephalopathyin124CasesofPerinates

作　　者：张莉莉[1] 林久治[1] 蔡玲玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所病理室

出　　处：《中华妇产科杂志》1996年第2期100-102,共3页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：目的：通过病理学手段对缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）的形态学特点、发病机理及其临床意义进行探讨。方法：除常规病理检查外，从额叶、顶叶、颞叶、枕叶、海马、内囊、小脑及延髓等部位取材，对脑进行了重点观察。结果：（１）本组９３．５％的病例有直接或间接窒息史。（２）主要病理改变为脑水肿、充血、透明血栓形成、出血、神经细胞变性和坏死；少数可见软化、钙化、空洞形成及纤维化。结论：脑组织充血、水肿为基本病变，出血、坏死是主要改变，钙化、纤维化及空洞形成为恢复期或称远期病变。对ＨＩＥ的预防首先应解决宫内窒息和新生儿窒息。Objective:Toexplorethemorphologicalfeature,itspathogenesisandclinicalsignificaneofhypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE)throughpathologicalexaminations.Methods:Inadditiontotheroutinepathologicexamination,thebraintisues,includingfrontallobus,temporallobus,ocipitallobus,hippocampus,capsulainterna,cerebelumandmedularybulb,weresectionedandexaminedrespectively.Results:(1)93.5%ofcaseshadahistoryofdirectorindirectasphyxia.(2)Themainpathologicalalterationswereedema,congestion,hyalinethrombosis,haemorrhage,degenerationandnecrosisofnervecels.Softening,calcification,cavityformationandfibrosiswerealsoseeninsomecases.Conclusions:ThestudysuggestedthatcongestionandedemaofcerebraltissuewereessentialchangesforthepathogenesisofHIE.Hemorhageandnecrosiswerecommonpathologicalalterations.Fibrosisandcavitationwerechangesofconvalescence.ItisofprimaryimportancetotreatasphyxiaduringperinatalperiodforthepreventionofHIE.

关 键 词：缺氧缺血性脑病 新生儿 病理学 临床 

分 类 号：R722.12[医药卫生—儿科]