贵州省贞丰县疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒传播的流行病学调查  

An epidemiological study on vaccine derived polio virus circle in Zhenfeng County of Guizhou Province

作　　者：童亦兵[1] 张大勇[1] 邹建[1] 张丽[1] 俞昊[1] 刘铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心传染病防治所,贵阳550004

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2005年第5期321-323,共3页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2004年8月贵州省黔西南州贞丰县挽澜乡窑上村发生的疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒(VDPV)的传播及其影响因素。方法对报告的2例急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)患儿和同村21名5岁以下儿童的粪便标本进行病毒分离;对窑上村59名儿童的常规疫苗接种、贞丰县AFP发病及监测系统指标完成情况进行调查。结果2例明确诊断为Ⅰ型VDPV病例;3名同村儿童的粪便中也分离到Ⅰ型VDPV。贞丰县自2002年来共漏报7例AFP病例。挽澜乡常规免疫接种处于较低水平;窑上村属免疫空白点。结论我国是用脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)预防脊髓灰质炎的国家,此次在贞丰县发生VDPV的传播,对消灭脊髓灰质炎提出了新的挑战;防范VDPV的发生,要加强常规免疫,并保持高水平的AFP监测。Objective To analyze the event and cause of vaccine derived polio virus （VDPV） circle happened at Yaoshang Village, Wanlan Township, Zhenfeng County, Qianxinan Prefecture, Guizhou Province in August 2004. Methods Virus isolation was performed for stool specimens collected from two children eases with acute flaccid paralysis （AFP） reported at Yaoshang Village and 21 normal children under five years old in the same village. And, routine immunization coverage at the Village and AFP incidence and performance of AFP surveillance system in Zhenfeng County were investigated, as well. Results Vaccine derived polio virus 1 （VDPV1） was identified in the feces of two affected children at Yaoshang Village and three other normal children at the same village. Totally, seven cases of AFP have been underreported in Zhenfeng County since 2002. Routine immunization coverage was rather low at Wanlan Township, and nearly nil at Yaoshang Village. Conclusions Oral polio vaccine （OPV） with attenuated live virus has been used in China for many years to prevent polio. Circulation of VDPV in Zhenfeng County issues a new challenge to eradication of polio. It is necessary to strengthen routine immunization and AFP surveillance to prevent occurrence of VDPV event.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎病毒 流行病学研究 疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒 病毒传播 流行病学调查 贵州省 丰县 脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗 5岁以下儿童 常规免疫接种 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]