上海郊区甘蓝田鳞翅目害虫的复合动态经济阈值  

COMPOSITE AND DYNAMIC ECONOMIC THRESHOLD FOR LEPIDOPTEROUS PEST COMPLEX OF CABBAGE IN SHANGHAI SUBURB

作　　者：周爱农[1] 马晓林[1] 马承铸[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院植物保护研究所

出　　处：《昆虫学报》1996年第2期149-157,共9页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国际科学基金

摘　　要：本文研究了上海郊区甘蓝田鳞翅目害虫复合体（菜青虫Ｐｉｅｒｉｓｒａｐａｅ，小菜蛾Ｐｌｕｔｅｌｌａｘｙｌｏｓｔｅｌｌａ，甜菜夜蛾Ｓｐｏｄｏｐｔｅｒａｅｘｉｇｕａ和斜纹夜蛾Ｐｒｏｄｅｎｉａｌｉｔｕｒａ等。）的动态经济阈值模型，该模型主要包括：（１）叶片生长动态与有效积温回归模型，考虑甘蓝品种和叶片层次等因子；（２）鳞翅目幼虫的高龄菜青虫等价取食系数（ＩＣＥ），考虑甘蓝叶片层次和虫龄等因子；（３）甘蓝产量损失率模型，考虑甘蓝品种、生育期和叶片层次等因子。以经济允许产量损失率作为决策参数（“黄苗”品种为３．２％，“夏光”品种为１．７％）。由于系统纳入了害虫株内为害分布这一因素，本模型确定的经济阈值具有较宽的值域。下限接十现有经济阈值，上限则大大超过它们。田间应用表明在不影响甘蓝产量的情况下，防治成本平均降低４５％。A composite and dynamic economic threshold (ET) model was established to manage the lepidopterous pest complex (Picris rapae, Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera exigua, and Prodenia litura) of cabbage in Shanghai suburb. It included: (1)regressional equations of leaf fresh weight on cumulative degree--days, consideringcabbage variety and cabbage leaf type; (2) cabbageworm equivalency (ICE) oflepidopterous larvae, considering cabbage leaf types and larval age; (3) yield--losssub--models, considering cabbage variety, cabbage developing stage, and cabbage leaftype. The economic yield loss levels are determined and applied as decision criteria inthe determination of economic threshold in order to incorporate the effect of larvalintraplant distribution. This ET model was evaluated in the field and allowed a 45%reduction in control cost with no yield difference.

关 键 词：甘蓝 甘蓝害虫 鳞翅目害虫复合 经济阈值 

分 类 号：S436.35[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]