疫苗时代人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学研究  

Serological Study on Status of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Carry in Vaccinated Population: A Historical Comparison.

作　　者：吴维寿[1] 孙超美[1] 姜铭波[1] 张国华[1] 沈福杰[1] 刘崇伯 曹惠霖[2] 欧阳佩英[3] 汪萱怡[4] 徐志一[4] 

机构地区：[1]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海200011 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京100052 [3]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [4]国际疫苗研究所

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2005年第4期276-278,共3页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目(96-906-03-02)

摘　　要：目的研究乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗免疫时代人群乙肝病毒(HBV)感染状况与抗体水平.方法于1984年、1999年分别采集上海市黄浦区(原南市区)1～49岁人群血清1 540份和838份,检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc),分析并比较各组HBV携带率与感染率.结果1999年横断面调查中,各年龄组HBV携带率与感染率较1984年各年龄组均有所下降,其中以免疫人群下降更为显著.结论新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫是控制及消除人群HBV感染的有效措施.Objective To study the status of hepatitis B virus infection and carry in mass immunized population. Methods Serological cross-section survey were conducted in 1984 and 1999 in Nanshi District, Shanghai. 1540 and 838 serum specimens were collected from population aged 1-49 years. In 1991,1067 serum specimens were collected from young children aged 1-6 years in Changning District, Shanghai. Each specimen was tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc. The carry and infection rate of hepatitis B virus by different age groups were calculated and analyzed among three cross-section surveys. Result The positive rate of HBsAg and anti-HBc decreased in every age groups in vaccination era compared to it in non-vaccine era, especially in immunized population, the results were quite similar with the results of cohort study which vaccinated in 1986. The positive rate of anti-HBs of sujects who finished the primary regimens decreased with the increase of age. However, the positive rate of anti-HBs （titer≥10mIU/mL） still reached 56.67% to 60.00% in 12-13 years old age group, and there was no change on HBVM Conclusion Widespread immunization with hepatitis B vaccine is the efficient measure to control and eliminate hepatitis B virus infection. However, it was not the only factor impacted on the decline of hepatitis B virus infection.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 疫苗 横断面调查 携带 感染 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]