武钢职业病危害现况调查  

Investigations on Current Situation of Occupational Hazards in WISCO

作　　者：张晓敏[1] 李济超[1] 陈铁[1] 杨磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉钢铁公司安全环保研究所,湖北武汉430080 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2005年第5期313-316,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解武钢的职业病危害现状。方法对武钢各二级厂矿的有关职业卫生报表资料以及作业场所粉尘、毒物、噪声点一次性断面测定结果进行统计分析。结果武钢粉尘总合格率为86.35%,其中轧钢系统的平均粉尘浓度合格率最高,炼铁最低;毒物超标率为10.71%;噪声总合格率为51.68%。目前从事有毒有害作业职工人数占武钢在职职工总人数的57.56%,职业病患者的检出率约为2.56‰。职业病累计发病1487人,尘肺病发病1234人,占总数的82.98%,其次为苯中毒,占5.92%。20世纪80年代是职业病发病高峰期,以后明显下降,但近年来焦炉工人肺癌的发生有上升趋势。结论武钢应加强职业危害较严重的作业场所的防治和职业健康监护工作。Objective To investigate the current situation of occupational hazards in WISCO. Methods All relevant occupational hygiene data from factories and mines together with the measured environmental data at workplaees were collected and statistically analyzed. Results The total compliance rate of dust is 86.35 %, among them the average dust concentration in rolling plants is the lowest and in iron-smelting plants the highest. 10.71% of the workplaces associated with the chemical hazards monitored exceed the hygienic standards. The compliance rate of noise hazard occupies 51.68%, 57.56% of the total staff are exposing to environment with various hazards. The incidence of occupational diseases is about 2.56‰. Cumulated diagnosed patients of occupational diseases are 1 487. Among them 1 234 cases （82.98%） are pneumoconiosis, followed by benzene poisoning （5.92%）. In 1980＇s it was a period of high incidence of occupational diseases, afterwards it began to decline obviously. However, the incidence of lung cancer due to coke oven emission among coke oven workers shows an up-rising trend in recent years. Conclusions The investigation shows that it is necessary to further enhance and take more measures for prevention of occupational hazards and to more seriously implement medical surveillance for hazard exposed workers.

关 键 词：职业病危害 尘肺病 职业性中毒 健康监护 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]