1622例儿童意外损伤的分析  

Analysis of 1622 children with accidental injury

作　　者：陈军民[1] 薛金增[1] 邹朝春[2] 徐美春[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院急诊科 [2]浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院内分泌科

出　　处：《中华急诊医学杂志》2005年第9期750-752,共3页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine

摘　　要：目的总结儿童意外损伤发病特点,帮助建立有效的防范措施.方法对2000年1月1日至2003年12月31日本院收住因意外损伤住院的1 622例患儿(包括内科、外科和五官科)的损伤类型、多发年龄及相关因素进行分析.意外损伤以国际疾病分类标准ICD-10进行分类,以出院诊断为最终临床诊断.结果1 622例意外损伤病例占同期住院病例的1.5%,男女之比例为1.8:1,年龄从1个月～15岁.其中意外跌落559例(34.5%),气管异物470例(29.0%),烫伤291例(17.9%),车祸160例(9.9%),中毒64例(3.9%),溺水45例(2.8%),其它33例(2%).意外损伤高峰年龄为0～3岁,占59.8%,而各年龄组中以1-岁组最为突出.治愈888例,好转614例,未愈68例,放弃41例,死亡11例.其中烫伤、中毒的治愈好转率较高,而溺水病死率最高(8.9%).结论意外损伤是严重威胁儿童生命安全一类疾病,0-3岁男童多见,其中意外跌落和气管异物最常见儿童的意外损伤.只要全社会引起足够的重视,加强安全意识,普及防范知识,做到防患于未然,多数意外损伤是可以预防的.Objective To analyze the characteristics of accidental injury in children. Methods The type injury, age and other associated factors in 1622 children with accidental injury, admitted to our hospital （departments of medicine, surgery and otorhinolaryngology） from 1 Janurary 2000 to 31 December 2003, were analyzed. Discharge diagnosis served as final diagnosis according to International Classification of Diseases. Results Accidental injury accounted for 1.5 % of hospitalized children. They aged from 1 month to 15 years with a ratio of 1.8：1 between male and female. The types of accidental injury were accidental falls （559 children, 34.5%）, airway foreign bodies （470 children, 29.0%）, scalds （291 children, 17.9%）, read accident （160 children, 10.0%）, poisoning （64 children, 3.9%）, drowning （45 children, 2.7% ） and others （33 children, 2% ） . Most of them were aged from 0 to 3 years old, accounting for 59.8% of the total injured. All of the 1622 children, 888 children recovered well, 614 improved, 68 not cured, 41 gave up treatment and 11 died. Recovery rates in children with scalds and poisoning were higher than other types, and the highest mortality was in children with drowning （8.9%）. Conclusions Accidental injury is a condition which severely threatens children＇s health. It is most prevalent in boys aged 0 to 3 years old, and accidental falls and airway foreign bodies are the most common. Most accidental injury could be prevented by increasing the awareness of safety.

关 键 词：意外损伤 儿童 分析 国际疾病分类标准 治愈好转率 各年龄组 ICD-10 住院病例 意外跌落 气管异物 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]