鸡胚接种毒害艾美耳球虫Eimeria necatrix的免疫研究  

Immunization of Chicken by in ovo Vaccination of Eimeria necatrix Oocysts, Sporocysts or Sporozoites

作　　者：蔡建平[1] 谢明权[1] 卞国志[1] 翁亚彪[2] 覃宗华[1] 叶秀华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院兽医研究所,广州510640 [2]华南农业大学兽医学院,广州51064

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2005年第9期912-917,共6页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：广东省农业生产关键技术和示范研究项目(2001A204)

摘　　要：给15、17、19日胚龄的鸡胚经羊膜腔分别接种不同剂量的毒害艾美耳球虫Eimeria necatrix孢子化卵囊、孢子囊或子孢子,出雏后在无球虫环境中笼养,收集2～7日龄间全部粪便,以饱和盐水漂浮法检查卵囊的产生,并于17日龄时以1.2×105个/鸡的同源孢子化卵囊攻虫,以相对增重率(RWG)、病变计分减少率(RLS)、相对卵囊产量(ROP)评价免疫保护效果.结果表明,孢子化卵囊、孢子囊或子孢子经羊膜腔免疫接种后对鸡胚的孵化率无明显影响,所有接种组在出雏后2～7日龄间均能检获后代卵囊,攻虫后各免疫组的相对增重率由攻虫对照的38%～42.9%提高到73.2%～90.5%,病变计分减少率达50%～74.9%,相对卵囊产量为攻虫对照组的28.1%～60.2%,表明以一定剂量的E. necatrix孢子化卵囊、孢子囊或子孢子经羊膜腔免疫接种鸡胚,可诱导鸡在出雏后笼养条件下对同源艾美耳球虫的免疫保护力;比较不同剂量、不同胚龄的免疫效果,发现在试验设定条件下于17日胚龄接种8×104个子孢子/胚的效果最好.Immunity against chicken coccidiosis by in ovo vaccination of Eimeria necatrix in diffevent invasive stages was investigated. The fertile Lingnanhuang broiler eggs were injected through amniotic sac on day 15, 17 and 19 of incubation with oocysts, sporocysts or sporozoites of E. necatrix, respectively. Vac- cination doses were in the range of 3× 10^3-1× 10^4 oocysts, 4× 10^3 -4 × 10^4 sporocysts, or 8× 10^3 -8× 10^4 sporozoites per egg. Hatching rates were generally unaffected by vaccination. The hatched chicks were reared in wire-cages and shed oocysts during day 2- 7 posthatch for chickens vaccinated with sporozoites and at 7 d posthatch for chicks injected using oocysts or sporocysts. At 17 d, the vaccinated chickens were challenged with 1.2 × 10^5 sporolated oocysts of E. necatrix. The immunity against E. necatrix by in ovo vaccination were evaluated through relative weight gain（RWG）, reduction of lesion score（RSL）, and relative oocyst production（ROP）. The chickens vaccinated in ovo with parasite stages had significantly reduced oocysts output（ROPs were in range of 28. 1% - 60.2 %） and lesion score （ranged in 50 % - 74.9 %）, and with significant increase in RWG（reached to 73.2%-90. 5%） compared to their nonimmunized counterparts. These results implies that vaccination in ovo of E. necatrix invasive stages could induce sufficient immunity against the homologous challenge.

关 键 词：鸡 球虫病 毒害艾美耳球虫 鸡胚免疫 

分 类 号：S852.723[农业科学—基础兽医学]