高山峡谷地区森林流域分布式降雨-径流模型的构建与验证  

Construction and verification of distributed rainfall-runoff model for forested watershed in alpine and gorge region.

作　　者：刘建梅[1] 裴铁璠[1] 王安志[1] 杨弘[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2005年第9期1638-1644,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB111503);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(YCXZY0203).

摘　　要：根据岷江上游杂谷脑河流域典型的高山峡谷地区主要水文特点,选择通用性较强的水文过程模式,构建高山峡谷地区森林流域分布式降雨-径流过程模型,避免过多复杂的区域性模型参数率定,保证模型在相似地区的可移植性;并选择杂谷脑水文站上游地区进行降雨-径流过程模拟,得到1999年和2000年模拟时段长度为1 000 h的两个径流过程,对模拟与实测的径流过程、累积径流量、洪峰流量与峰现时间等进行比较,其拟合效果较好.该模型结构简单,引入的经验参数较少,可推广应用到其它尺度流域.Considering of the main hydrological characteristics in the upper Zagunao River watershed of the upper reach of Minjiang River, general hydrological models were selected to construct the distributed rainfall-runoff process model for the forested watershed in typical alpine and gorge terrains. Calibration of too many regional parameters was avoided to assure the transportability of the models in similar watersheds. Two flow series of 1 000 hours in 1999 and 2000 were simulated by using the distributed model. The runoff hydrograph, accumulative runoff volume, peak discharge, and peak time showed good fittings with observed series. The simple structure and less empirical parameters gave the distributed model the ability to simulate the rainfall-runoff processes in similar watershed across scales, which provided the basic approach to the hydrological scaling research.

关 键 词：分布式水文模型 森林流域 降雨-径流过程 尺度转换 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]