千岛湖岛屿化对植物多样性的影响初探  

Effects of islanding on plant species diversity in Thousand-island Lake region.

作　　者：卢剑波[1] 丁立仲[1] 徐高福[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院农业生态研究所,杭州310029 [2]浙江省淳安县新安江开发总公司,淳安311700

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2005年第9期1672-1676,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30030030).

摘　　要：选取千岛湖典型破碎化区域,研究了水库形成后引起的岛屿化对植物物种多样性的影响.在18个大中小型岛屿和一处陆地对照中设立了26个样方,调查乔木和灌木的种类和数量.乔木物种丰富度的单因素方差分析显示:F=13.055,P=0.000,说明各类岛屿间乔木物种差异极显著.多重比较发现大岛上乔木物种丰富度显著高于小岛和中岛,与对照陆地差别不大;灌木的分析显示:F=1.315,P=0.295,说明小、中、大岛和对照陆地灌木物种丰富度差异不显著.Spearman相关性分析显示乔木物种与岛屿面积显著相关,随岛屿面积增大而增加,而灌木物种相关性不显著.Shannon多样性指数分析表明,无论乔木还是灌木其多样性都是大岛最大,陆地次之,而小岛上灌木多样性指数大于中岛.Simpson优势度和Pielou均匀度分析显示,乔木样地中大岛的物种分布均匀性最好,优势种的优势度最低,而灌木样地中小岛的均匀度最高,优势种的优势度最不明显.In this paper, the typical area of fragmentation in Tbousand-island Lake region was selected to study the effects of islanding on plant species diversity after reservoir built. 26 quadrates were installed on 18 small, medium and large islands to investigate the species and number of trees and shrubs, with inland as the control One-way variance analysis （ANOVA） showed that the species richness of trees was significantly different （F = 13. 055, P = 0. 000） among all kinds of islands, which was significantly higher on large islands than on small and medium ones, but not significantly different from that on inland. The species richness of shrubs was not significantly different among all kinds of islands and inland. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the species richness of trees was significandy positively correlated with island area, while the correlation between specie richness of shrubs and island area was not significant. Shannon-Wiener Index （H） analysis suggested that the diversity of both trees and shrubs on large islands was the highest, followed by on inland, but the diversity of shrubs was larger on small than on medium islands. The analysis of Simpson index and Pielou index showed that the species evenness of trees was the highest, but the dominance was the lowest on medium and large islands, while the species evenness of shrubs was the highest on medium and small islands, but the dominance was the lowest on small islands.

关 键 词：千岛湖 景观破碎化 生物多样性 乔木 灌木 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]