不同植被覆盖条件下土壤水分蒸发的比较  

Comparison of soil moisture evaporation under different vegetation coverage conditions

作　　者：熊伟[1] 王彦辉[1] 程积民[2] 于澎涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2005年第3期65-68,共4页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家973项目"森林植被对坡面水文过程与水量转化的调节机理"(2002CB111501);国家自然科学基金重点项目"干旱半干旱地区森林与水资源的相互影响及合理调控机理"(30230290);科技部社会公益研究专项"植被建设与水资源相互关系调控决策支持系统";"十五"国家科技攻关计划子课题"黄河上游黄土高原水源涵养型植被建设技术研究与示范"(2001BA510B02-06)

摘　　要：为探讨不同植被对当地土壤水分动态变化及其蒸发过程的影响,于2001年7—10月,对宁夏固原县4种不同植被覆盖下土壤水分蒸发做了对比研究。在观测期内,不同条件下土壤水分蒸发的强弱依次表现为,弃耕地>华北落叶松林地>铁杆蒿+长芒草地>中国沙棘林地;各种条件下,土壤水分蒸发在生长季的旺盛时期(7—8月)要显著高于生长季后期(9—10月)。土壤水分蒸发的昼夜分段测定表明,在观测期内,土壤水分的蒸发在夜间出现了“负平衡”,尤其进入9—10月以后,这一现象更为突出,说明夜间凝结水数量大于相应的蒸发量。To probe into the effect of different vegetations on dynamic change of soil moisture and its evaporation process, soil moisture evaporation under four different vegetation coverage conditions were compared from July to October in 2001 in Guynan county of Ningxia. The results indicated the order of soil evaporation intensity was abandoned land 〉 Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayer. stand 〉 Srtemisia vestita Wall. ＋ Stipa bungeana Trin. stand 〉 Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. stand in the observation period. And soil evaporation in the quick-growth period （from July to August） was stronger than that in the later growth season （from September to October）. Meanwhile, test of soil moisture evaporation day and night by stages showed that soil moisture evaporation in the night in the observation period appeared negative because especially after September and October, which indicated that amount of condensation water in the night is more than that of evaporation accordingly.

关 键 词：土壤水分蒸发 植被覆盖条件 昼夜分段 凝结水数 蒸发量 

分 类 号：S152.73[农业科学—土壤学]