不耦合装药爆炸扩腔机理研究  

The Springing Mechanism of Spherical Charges in an Eccentric Decouple Pattern

作　　者：曹跃[1] 赵泉[1] 孔安 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]中国建材规划研究院,北京100035

出　　处：《爆破》2005年第3期21-25,共5页Blasting

摘　　要：在大量现场试验的基础上,通过动光弹实验和理论分析,对敞口条件下岩石的爆炸扩腔机理和规律进行了研究。敞口条件下球形偏心不耦合装药爆炸扩腔初始应力场的动光弹研究结果表明:装药结构对围岩中应力波的产生和发展有显著的影响;围岩中的初始应力分布随药包与腔壁间隙的增大而降低;由于药包的偏心作用,围岩中产生的S波较球形耦合装药显著增强;S波的波阵面与爆扩形成的腔体形状有明显的几何相似特性,表明了围岩的破坏主要是S波作用的结果。在对经典敞口爆扩经验公式和现场试验结果进行分析比较的基础上。Based on a series of testing on spot and photo-elastic dynamic experiments, the authors have developed a springing mechanism of rock and its relevant rule, which has been proved by the actual applications in production. The authors＇main findings can be illustrated as follows：The analysis of the dynamic photo-elastic experimental results shows that a charge pattern may have a significant effect on the distribution of the initial shock wave pressure on the chamber wall. Such an initial pressure caused by an eccentric decouple charge will decrease with the increase of the distance between the chamber wall and the cartridge surface. The shock-waves in the surrounding rocks in an eccentric decouple charge are actually much more powerful than that in a couple charge, whose wavefront is shaped similar to that of the chamber. The process of springing experiments on spot also proves that the explosion gas rushing out of the borehole is accompanied with large amounts of rock powder and flying-rock debris. This indicates that the broken rocks of crushing zone, produced in the previous spring blasting, has fallen off from the chamber wall, and erupted out of the borehole with the succeeding actions of the shock-wave and the explosion gas further expansion in the chamber.

关 键 词：爆炸扩腔 药壶爆破 装药结构 动光弹 工程爆破 

分 类 号：TD235.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]