聚酯二元醇合成工艺的研究  

Study on method of polyesterglycol synthese

作　　者：孙彦璞[1] 杨文远[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学化学化工学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏工程技术》2005年第3期262-264,共3页Ningxia Engineering Technology

基　　金：宁夏教育厅基金资助项目(04-11-15-08)

摘　　要：由于二元醇在合成过程中的损失,造成实际相对分子质量与理论相对分子质量相差较大,因此,为弥补二元醇的损失,一般将二元醇的质量过量.用共沸蒸馏、一步投料的方法,对二元醇过量的质量及其出水速率进行了初步的研究.研究结果表明:①二元醇过量n<0.011mol,则实际相对分子质量远远大于设计的相对分子质量;反之,若n>0.011mol,则实际相对分子质量比设计的相对分子质量要小.②出水速率如果过快,即7h就达到理论出水量的90%,则实际相对分子质量与设计相对分子质量相差较大;而出水速率是0.84mL/h,12h达到理论出水量的90%,实际相对分子质量与设计相对分子质量比较接近.确定了二元醇过量的质量为n=0.011mol、出水速率控制在0.84mL/h时为最佳条件,从而实现了最终产物相对分子质量接近按投料比计算设计的相对分子质量的试验设计方案,为聚酯二元醇的合成提供参考依据.Owing to the loss of diols in the course of synthesis, it caused the actual molecular weight and calculated molecular weight were not nearly. To compensate the loss, consuming quantity of diols was often excessive. In this paper consuming quantity of diols and the rate of output water were studied by the way of codistillation and one-step feeding. The result of the study showed that：（1）The excessive part of consuming quantity of diols was less than 0. 011 tool, the actual molecular weight was larger than which calculated. On the contrary, the actual molecular weight was less than which calculated. （2） If the rate of output water was too quick, 90% of the theoretical rate of output water was attainted within 7 hours, the difference between the actual molecular weight of polyester was very close to which calculated. By the study of consuming quantity of diols and rate of output water, the excessive part of consuming quantity of diols being 0. 011 mol and the rate of output water being 0. 84 ml/h were best conditions. The experimental programmer that the final molecule based on calculating the amount of materials had been attainted. The method of preparation presented in this paper seems to have important reference value for synthetic method of liner polyester diols.

关 键 词：线性聚酯多元醇 相对分子质量 二元醇 出水速率 

分 类 号：O633.4[理学—高分子化学] TQ223.16[理学—化学]