后组颅神经及相关结构MRI研究  

Study on the lower cranial nerves and their related structures by MRI

作　　者：张伟国[1] 陈现红[2] 赵涛[3] 张绍祥[4] 陆兵勋[2] 张雪林[5] 刘正津[4] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所影像科,重庆420042 [2]南方医科大学南方医院神经病学研究所,广州510515 [3]山东省临沂市人民医院小儿外科,276000 [4]第三军医大学解剖教研室,重庆400038 [5]南方医科大学南方医院影像科,广州510515

出　　处：《中华神经医学杂志》2005年第9期918-921,共4页Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金(39925022);国家自然科学基金(30270698);重庆市科委基金(6945)

摘　　要：目的通过正常人体后组颅神经及相关结构的研究,为颅底病变的诊断和治疗提供可靠的影像解剖学依据。方法健康志愿者120例行后组颅神经及周围结构MRI检查并进行相关影像学测量。结果后组颅神经均不同程度存在血管压迫现象(右侧:16%、左侧:10%);双侧舌咽-迷走-副神经复合体之间的距离男性大于女性(P=0.013<0.05),并与个体的发育有关系;舌咽-迷走-副神经复合体与脑干正中矢状位之间的夹角与年龄关系非常密切,性别间无显著性差异。结论采用MRI扫描序列获得的正常人体后组颅神经及相关参考值为临床提供了重要的断面影像学依据。Objective To obtain the normal data of glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve, and their related blood vessels, for providing the morphological basis for clinical image diagnosis and skull base approaches. Methods 120 healthy volunteers （60 males and 60 females, whose ages ranged from 3 to 89） were studied using a 1.0-tesla MR imaging system and FLASH-3D gradient echo technique MR imaging. Each section was 1.0 mm in thickness. Meanwhile, the lower cranial nerves and their surrounding structures were multi-directionally reconstructed with MPR. Results All the evaluated structures of the craniocervical junction region were seen routinely in all three planes on MR images, we identified the glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve in their complete cisternal course in the axial plane. The lower cranial nerves had a close relationship with the vertebral artery （VA）, posterior inferior cerebellar artery （PICA） and anterior inferior cerebellar artery （AICA）. The lower cranial nerves are compressed by blood vessels in different degree （right： 16%, left： 10%）. The distant between two sides is wider in male than in female and it is related to the individual growth （P=0.013〈0.05 ）. The angle between the cranial nerves IX, X and XI and sagittal side of the brain stem has a very close relationship with age and no significant difference in sex. Conclusion Vessels that enters an anatomical relationship with the glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve and the hypoglossal nerve include VA, PICA and AICA. The axial plane provides the best view. By using multiplanar reconstructions, we found that the VA, PICA, AICA passed anterior or posterior to the lower cranial nerves.

关 键 词：后组颅神经 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]