小麦与窄颖赖草远缘杂交幼胚拯救方法的探讨  

Approaches to Immature Embryo Rescue in Wide Hybridization between Wheat and Leymus Angustus

作　　者：李桂英[1] 王琳清[2] 施巾帼[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,农业部核技术与航天育种重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院原子能利用研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2005年第5期10-13,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39770457)

摘　　要：为了探讨小麦×窄颖赖草杂种幼胚拯救的适宜方法,以普通小麦J-11为母本,用经5G y、9G y的60Coγ-射线辐照的窄颖赖草花粉授粉,采用胚培养一步成苗法和胚-愈伤组织二步成苗法两种方法进行幼胚拯救。结果表明,采用胚培养一步成苗法,27.9%的幼胚萌发,有的幼胚萌动后不久即停止发育,最后死亡;有的幼胚只有胚根或胚芽鞘发育;有的幼胚胚根、胚芽鞘发育但胚芽不发育;部分幼胚发育成畸形苗,部分植株根系发育不良,幼胚成苗率只有18.6%。采用胚-愈伤组织二步成苗法,有33.3%的幼胚通过愈伤组织途径获得大量健壮植株,平均每一无性系获得41株再生植株。说明胚-愈伤组织二步成苗法是小麦×窄颖赖草杂种幼胚获得大量植株的理想方法,但采用何种拯救方法还要同时考虑研究目的。文中还就这两种幼胚拯救方法的优缺点及选用原则等进行了讨论。In order to explore the most suitable method for rescuing wheat× Leymus angustus immature embryos, two ways of young embryo rescue, embryo culture and embryo-callus culture, was compared on their effects. The result showed that 27. 9% embryos germinated when rescued with embryo culture; While only 18.6% embryos developed to intact plants, some embryos stopped developing after germinated, or only coleoptile developed, or radicle and coleoptile developed, but plantule didn＇t develop; some developed into abnormal plants. 123 regenerated hybrid plants （41 plants/clone） were recovered by embryo-callus culture. But as to which way to be taken, research purpose should be considered. The two ways of embryo rescue were discussed on their advantages and disadvantages and principle of their application.

关 键 词：小麦 窄颖赖草 幼胚拯救 

分 类 号：S334.3[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S336[农业科学—农艺学]