利用壳状地衣监测陆地环境中^(137)Cs活度浓度的研究  

Research on Monitoring Caesium-137 Radiation Level of Land Environment by Crustaceous Lichens

作　　者：杜春光[1] 张京[2] 李文红[2] 徐翠华[2] 赵烨[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2005年第3期172-173,共2页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：科技部2000年社会公益研究项目(2000DIB40144)

摘　　要：目的比较壳状地衣与其他环境样品中137Cs活度浓度差异,分析壳状地衣作为敏感的生物指示剂监测陆地环境中137Cs活度浓度的可行性。方法运用美国ORTEC公司生产的ADCAM-100超低本底γ谱仪对样品进行137Cs测定,其探测器为高纯锗同轴探测器。结果壳状地衣体中137Cs活度浓度值比土壤表层中的137Cs活度浓度值高出一个数量级,比粮食、蔬菜、水果和蛋奶肉品中137Cs活度浓度值高出三个以上数量级。结论壳状地衣具有分布广泛、生长周期长、通过其表面积从大气中吸附获取营养物质等特征,因此,壳状地衣是监测环境中137Cs核素远距离传输及其活度水平的敏感指示剂。objective The activity of caesium- 137 （Bq/kg） in the crustaceous lichens and other samples were determined to testify the feasibility , of which crustaceous lichens worked as a sensitive biology monitor to record the caesium - 137 （Bq/kg） radiation level of land environment. Methods The measurements were performed by GEM series HPGe （high- purity Germanium） coaxial detector system （ ADCAM - 100） made by EC ＆ G ORTEC Company in USA. Results It was found that the activity of caesium - 137 （Bq/kg） in the crustaceous lichens was one order of magnitude higher than that found in surface soil, and was over three orders of magnitude higher than those found in corn, vegetable, fruit, egg＇s, milk and meat. Conclusion The crustaceous lichens grow in most places, their growth period is long, and they adsorb the nutrition from the atmosphere by their surface, which prove crustaceous lichens may be one of the must sensitive biological monitors of caesium - 137 remote transmission and environmental radiation level.

关 键 词：壳状地衣 敏感指示剂 ^137Cs活度浓度 

分 类 号：R145[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]