黄河中下游表层沉积物中多氯联苯的污染特征  

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS POLLUTION IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF MID- AND DOWN-STREAM OF YELLOW RIVER

作　　者：孙艳[1] 何孟常[1] 杨志峰[1] 李杏茹[1] 谢孟峡[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学分析测试中心,北京100875

出　　处：《环境化学》2005年第5期590-594,共5页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究专项经费(2003CB415002);国家自然科学基金委员会和黄河水利委员会联合基金(50239010);国家自然科学面上基金(20277002)资助

摘　　要：对采自黄河中下游地区12个站点17个表层沉积物样品中的多氯联苯进行了定量分析测定,并讨论了多氯联苯在沉积物中的污染特征.结果表明:①黄河中下游表层沉积物中多氯联苯的浓度范围为ND—5·98μg·kg^(-1),受污染程度较轻;②沉积物样品中多氯联苯同族体的组成特征非常相似,都以含3—5个氯原子的PCB同族体为主,占多氯联苯总量的94·68%以上,且在大多数样品中含量顺序为:四氯联苯>三氯联苯>五氯联苯;③该地区表层沉积物中多氯联苯的含量与TOC和沉积物的机械组成无明显相关性,这可能与黄河中下游复杂的水利条件和沉积物自身的理化性质有关.This paper presents the study of polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） in 17 surface sediment samples collected in June, 2004 at 12 locations from mid- and down-stream of Yellow river. The samples were extracted by Soxhlet extraction and the concentrations （on a dry weight basis） of total PCBs were quantitatively measured by GC-MS. PCBs, measured as an Aroclor1242, 1248, 1254, 1260 （1： 1： 1： 1） mixture, are found to be in a range of ND--5.98 μg · kg^-1. The results indicate that the surface sediments in this area have been slightly contaminated. Meanwhile, in 16 surface sediment samples being detected, PCB congeners show the similar characteristics that the congeners containing 3 to 5 chlorine atoms account for more than 94. 68% of total PCBs. And in most of the samples the order of the content is： TetraCB 〉 TriCB 〉 PentaCB. Otherwise, no obvious correlation of PCBs concentration with TOC and the grain size shows the particularity and complexity of this study area.

关 键 词：分布 多氯联苯 沉积物 黄河 黄河中下游地区 表层沉积物 多氯联苯 污染特征 分析测定 浓度范围 污染程度 组成特征 三氯联苯 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]