柱撑粘土复合材料的研究进展及其在环境污染物治理方面的应用  

Study situation of pillared clay and its applications in the environmental pollutants treatment

作　　者：丁雪军[1,2] 安太成[1] 傅家谟[1] 盛国英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东省环境资源利用与保护重点实验室 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《地球化学》2005年第6期626-634,共9页Geochimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40302013);广东省自然科学基金(030466);广东省科学技术基金(2003C34510;2005A30401001)~~

摘　　要：以具有片状或层状结构以及较为规整的大孔结构的粘土材料为母体,在其层间引入不同阳离子化合物为柱化剂而合成出性能各异的新型柱撑粘土(pillaredclay)复合材料及其应用是目前环境地球化学研究中备受瞩目的研究前沿之一。对柱撑粘土复合材料的制备进展及其在环境污染治理中的应用进展进行了系统的综述,详细探讨了各种合成影响因素如有机阳离子、无机阳离子以及两者联用柱化剂的选择、复合材料热处理过程、表面酸化预处理等手段对合成柱撑粘土复合材料的制备及性能的影响,同时还对柱撑粘土复合材料在水体和大气环境中毒害有机污染物治理方面的应用进行了比较详细的综述。Pillared clay composite materials, which are prepared by introducing cationic pillars into the layer structure of clays and achieved different functions after particular treatments, have developed into a leading advancement in environmental geochemistry. The study situation of pillared clay preparation and the application in environmental pollutants treatment of this type of combined materials, pillared clay, have been reviewed in detail in this paper. The state of arts of pillared ions, from organic pillars to inorganic pillars, and later developed organic inorganic combined pillars, was summarized at first. And some affecting parameters influencing the synthesis .of this kind material, such as the clays original, the optimum of organic or inorganic cationic pillars, the selection of catalytic inorganic pillar precursors, the thermal processing procedures including drying methods and calcination temperature, and the surface acid treatment increasing the catalytic activity, were also discussed here in details. The applications of these organic or inorganic pillared clay materials in the wastewater treatment, for example the excellent adsorption performance and the good photocatalytic activity for the refractory organic pollutants, in the adsorption of organic pollutants in atmospheric environment, and in the removal of nuclear waste or heavy metal ions produced from solid wastes and soils, were also presented detailed. In the last part of this paper, the several advantages and disadvantages of the application of pillared clay materials were summarized and its developing trend in the near future was also proposed tentatively.

关 键 词：柱撑粘土 污染治理 有机污染物 吸附 催化氧化 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学] P579[天文地球—地质学]