环境中污染物降解基因的水平转移(HGT)及其在生物修复中的作用  

Horizontal Transfer of Environmental Pollutant-Degrading Gene and Application in Bioremediation

作　　者：张瑞福[1] 蒋建东[1] 代先祝[1] 顾立锋[1] 李顺鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《遗传》2005年第5期845-851,共7页Hereditas（Beijing)

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关(编号:2002BA516A01);国家自然科学基金(编号:680600016;680600024)资助项目~~

摘　　要：水平基因转移是不同于垂直基因转移的遗传物质的交流方式。在污染环境这一特异生态环境中,降解基因的水平转移有着独特的功能与作用。研究环境中污染物降解基因在微生物间的水平转移,更深入地了解微生物种群适应污染环境的机理,对于评价污染物的环境毒理、生物可降解性以及污染环境的可修复潜力具有重要参考价值。在污染物生物修复实践中,可以通过调控降解基因的水平转移,增强污染环境中微生物的降解能力,更有效地发挥生物修复作用。文章将对环境中细菌间基因交流的机制,污染物降解基因的水平转移对微生物适应污染环境的机理、水平基因转移对代谢途径的进化及其对污染物生物修复作用的影响等方面的研究进展做一综述。Horizontal gene transfer, unlike vertical gene transfer, is a means of genetic communication in bacteria. In the special polluted environment, horizontal transfer of pollutant-degrading gene has significant functions. Study on horizontal transfer of degrading gene in polluted environment may deepen our understanding of the mechanism of bacterial adaptation to the organic-polluted environments, the environmental toxicity and bioavailability of pollutants, and the bioremediation of polluted environment. In the practical application in bioremediation, horizontal transfer of degrading gene can be regulated to promote degrading ability of microorganisms. In this article, we wil the study on mechanisms of genetic interactions among bacteria, the effect of degrading gene environment on microorganisms＇ adaptation to contaminated environment and the degradation review the advances in transfer in contaminated of the pollutants

关 键 词：水平基因转移 降解基因 降解菌 生物修复 有机污染物 

分 类 号：X50[环境科学与工程—环境工程]