抗锈高产种质汕油27在花生育种上的应用  

Utilization of the Rust-Resistant and High-Yield Germplasm Shanyou 27 in Peanut Breeding

作　　者：郑奕雄[1] 郭丹丹 陈贤友 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业技术学院农业与生物学院,广州510225 [2]广东新至绿科技有限公司,广州510507 [3]汕头市农业科学研究所,汕头515021

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2005年第9期1755-1760,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2004B20101002)

摘　　要：汕油27是汕头市农业科学研究所育成的中抗锈病、高产稳产、适应性广的花生新品种,由该品种衍生的许多品种在不同时期成为中国南方花生产区的当家种或推广良种。为了了解该优良种质在花生新品种选育中的作用,剖析了以汕油27作为直接或间接亲本选育的后代优良品种的系谱、遗传特性以及与汕油27的遗传关系,结果表明,由汕油27作为直接亲本先后衍生出优良花生新品种5个,进而由这些品种又衍生出的通过审定(或在省级区试中表现较突出)的花生新品种17个;在这22个优良衍生品种中,通过国家审定的有6个,包括粤油223、粤油79、粤油7号、粤油9号、汕油21和湛油30;所有衍生品种都保持了汕油27高产、抗锈病等优良特性。因此,作者认为汕油27是一个一般配合力较高的优良中心亲本;选准中心亲本对提高花生育种效率具有十分重要的作用。Shanyou27 is a new peanut cultivar with moderately-resistant to rust, high and stable yield, broad adaptiveness. It was bred by Shantou Agricultural Science Research Institute. Many cultivars derived from Shanyou27 became the leading cultivars or spreading cultivars at different periods in South China. To study the importance of elite germplasm in peanut breeding, the pedigree, genetic property and genetic relationship with Shanyou27, of the excellent cultivars bred directly or indirectly with Shanyou27 as parent, were analyzed. The results showed that as a direct parent, 5 excellent cultivars were derived from Shanyou27, and in turn, more than 17 excellent cultivars were further derived from the 5 excellent cultivars. Among the 22 excellent cultivars derived from Shanyou 27, 6 cultivars have been released by National Crops Cultivar Approval Committee, such as Yueyou223, Yueyou79, Yueyou7, Yueyou9, Shanyou21 and Zhanyou30. All the derived cultivars have retained the good characters of Shanyou27 such as high yield and resistant to rust. So, the author concluded that Shanyou27 is an elite central parent with high general combining ability （GCA）; It is very important to select right central parent for raising the efficiency of peanut breeding.

关 键 词：汕油27 花生 衍生品种 系谱 优良种质 育种效率 抗锈病 花生 新品种选育 农业科学研究所 衍生品种 亲本选育 应用 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]