粪便与厨余垃圾现场处理研究  

Studies of On-Site Night Soil and Kitchen Garbage Treatment

作　　者：陈朱蕾[1] 周磊[1] 江娟[1] 熊尚凌[1] 黄亮[1] 孙蔚旻[1] 吕志中[1] 廖波[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《环境科学》2005年第5期196-199,共4页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家'十五'科技攻关项目(2002BA806B04-01B);武汉市科技攻关项目(20026002095)

摘　　要：研究了粪便与厨余垃圾的源头真空管道收集及现场生物处理技术,根据系统工艺设计方案进行了分单元的小试.研究表明:真空便器的冲水量约为1L/次,破碎1kg垃圾用水0.4～0.6L;厌氧消化反应器进料粪便占40%,厨余垃圾占60%,水分控制在93%左右,C/N=25:1左右,pH控制在6.2～7.3之间,最佳搅拌频率为6h/d,总停留时间28d;ABR反应器对混合上清液的COD去除率可达91%;用驯化得到的解磷、解钾菌株与消化污泥混合制取菌肥,解磷菌对土壤有效磷增强度67.5%,解钾菌对土壤有效钾增强度33.4%.The biological treatment technique of collection at source and disposition on-site of night soil and kitchen garbage were presented. By design project of overall technics,the lab-scale experiments were performed. It was revealed that water consumption of vacuum closestool was about 1L/time. It consumed 0.4-0.6L water to shred 1 kg kitchen garbage. Night soil covered 40%, kitchen garbage covered 60% in the influent. Water was controlled at about 93%, the C： N ratio was about 25：1, pH was between 6.2 and 7.3, the optical blend frequency was 6h/d and the overall solid retention time was 28 days in anaerobic digestion reactor. The COD removal rate of mixed supernatant was 91% in anaerobic baffled reactor. It was identified that these phosphorus strains and potassium strains were Bacillus. sp, and biological activated fertilizer was obtained by mixed these strains with digestion sludge which had been dehydrated and deodorized. These strains ability of forming phosphorus and potassium were determined, and the concentration of phosphorus increased 67.5%, potassium increased 33.4%.

关 键 词：粪便 厨余垃圾 真空收集 厌氧消化 厌氧折流板反应器 菌肥 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]