联合TM和NOAA数据研究黄河三角洲地表蒸发(散)量  

Estimates of evapotranspiration based on TM and NOAA data in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：张长春[1] 王光谦[1] 魏加华[1] 邵景力[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084 [2]中国地质大学水资源与环境学院,北京100083

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第9期1184-1188,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家"九七三"重点基础研究项目(G1999043607);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40272105)

摘　　要：不同类型下垫面水热传输机制不同,利用专题地图(TM)数据将黄河三角洲分为植被覆盖区域、裸地和水面3类计算区域,结合NOAA数据,根据SEBS(surface energyba lance system)模型并适当修改,分别建立植被、裸地和水面蒸发(散)模型,依据模型计算了黄河三角洲区域蒸发(散)量。黄河三角洲蒸发(散)量较高,2002年农田平均蒸发(散)量814mm,湿地平均蒸散量为843mm,裸地蒸发量变化较大,平均为637mm,与地表湿润程度有关。计算的冬小麦、棉花蒸散量基本接近其需水量;遥感方法计算结果与点上观测结果比较接近,说明计算结果符合实际。Evaporation and heat transfer mechanisms differ for different types of soils. This analysis divides the Yellow River Delta soils into： bare soil, farm land and water surface based on TM data. Evapotranspiration models for the various surfaces were developed based on the surface energy balance method for the soil types. The evapotranspiration in the Yellow River Delta was then estimated based on NOAA （national oceanic and atmospheric administration） data. Higher evapotranspiration rates usually occur on the Yellow River banks. The annual average evapotranspiration is 814 mm for farm land, 843mm for marsh land, and 637mm for bare soil. The estimated evapotranspiration for wheat and cotton is approximately equal to their water demand in 2002, which is quite consistent with the remote sensing result.

关 键 词：蒸发(散)量 地表能量平衡 遥感 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：TV211.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]