长江口及邻近海域小型底栖生物丰度和生物量  

Abundance and biomass of meiobenthos in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary and its adjacent waters

作　　者：华尔[1] 张志南[1] 张艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,生命科学与技术部青岛266003

出　　处：《生态学报》2005年第9期2234-2242,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"资助项目(2002CB412400;G1999043709);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40176033)~~

摘　　要：“东方红2号”调查船于2003年6月在长江口外(28°N°至32°N,121°E至123°E)陆架浅海水域进行了小型底栖生物的取样。研究表明,小型底栖生物的平均丰度为(1971±583.9)ind10cm-2,平均生物量为(1393±516.1)μgdwt10cm-2,平均生产量为(12543±4644.7)μgdwt10cm-2a-1。共鉴定出21个小型生物类群,其中自由生活海洋线虫为最优势的类群,占小型生物总丰度的91%和总生物量的51%。其他数量上较重要的类群还有底栖桡足类、多毛类、动吻类和双壳类等。相关分析表明,小型底栖生物的数量分布与沉积物叶绿素和脱镁叶绿酸的含量呈高度显著相关。台风前后8号站线虫群落的比较研究表明,台风后线虫群落在丰度,生物量及种类组成上均发生了一定的变化,对台风的响应较为显著。典型站位自由生活海洋线虫种类组成的分析表明,长江入海口向外线虫优势度降低,多样性增加。Study on the meiobenthos abundance and biomass of Changjiag （Yangtze River） estuary and its adjacent waters was based on the samples collected by R/V＂No. 2 Dongfanghong＂in June, 2003. The dominant sediment type was poor sorted silt-clay（TY）, with silt and clay content from 82.75% to 99.8%, median diameter （MDФ）from 7.57 to 8.92. This type was found in Zhejiang coastal waters where water depth was deeper than 30m. The second dominant sediment type was clay-sih （YT）, with silt and clay content from 82. 1% to 99.17%, median diameter （MDФ）from 5. 86 to 7.65. It was found in Changjiang （Yangtze River） estuarine waters where water depth was shallower than 25m. The average concentrations of sediment Chl-a and Pha-a in the top 8cm were （2. 469±0.565）mg · kg^-1 sediment and （5. 656±0. 899） mg · kg^-1 sediment respectively. The average sediment organic matter in top 5cm was 8.09%. The average abundance, biomass and production of meiobenthos was （1 971±583.9）ind 10cm^2 （1 393±516. 1）μg dwt 10cm^2 and （12 543 ± 4 644.7） μg dwt 10cm^-2 a^-1 respectively. The Correlation analysis between meiobenthos and environmental factors showed that there was a highly significant correlation between abundance and the sediment Chl-a and Pha-a concentrations. A total of 21 meiobenthos groups was identified. The most dominant taxonomic group was nematode, with average abundance （1 785±493.7）ind 10cm^-2 accounting for 91%. The following groups were also important： benthic copepods, kinorhyncha, polychaete and bivalves. Analysis of meiobenthos vertical distribution indicated that 86.19% of meiobenthos distributed in the top 5cm of sediment, and its vertical distribution was decided by the vertical distribution of sediment Chl-a and Pha-a concentrations. The comparative analysis of free living marine nematode community before and after typhoon at station 8 showed that nematode abundance, biomass and species composition had changed significantly after typhoon. According to the an

关 键 词：小型底栖生物 自由生活海洋线虫 丰度 生物量 长江口 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学] S931[生物学—普通生物学]