长期试验地红壤与潮土的矿化和硝化作用特征比较  

The Characteristics of Mineralization and Nitrification in Red Soil and Calcareous Soil from Long Term Fertilization Experiments

作　　者：范晓晖[1] 孙永红[2] 林德喜[2] 孟爱民 钦绳武[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]南京农业大学资环学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《土壤通报》2005年第5期672-674,共3页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-413-3);国家自然科学基金重大项目(30390080);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999011802)资助

摘　　要：采用培育试验研究了红壤与潮土两个长期定位试验中不同处理小区表层土壤的矿化和硝化作用特征。结果表明:红壤的矿化作用和硝化作用都很弱,而潮土硝化作用非常强烈。采用适宜的施肥措施培肥后氮素的矿化和硝化速率都有很大的提高;pH是影响硝化作用的重要因素之一,硝化速率与土壤pH呈显著正相关。合理施用肥料调控土壤肥力是提高红壤和潮土肥力的重要措施。A incubation method was applied to study mineralization and nitrification of surface soils （0-20cm） of different small plots in two long - term fertilization experiments of red soil and calcareous soil. Result indicated that mineralization and nitrification of the red soil were very weak, but the two processes were strong in the calcareous soil. The adoption of a suithle method to apply fertilizer for improving soil fertility may increase mineralization and nitrification of soil. Soil pH was one of the important factors to influence soil nitrification. Nitrification rate of soil was significantly correlated with soil pH. The calcareous soil was rich in K and poor in N and P, applying K in the soil had not any action for the two processes. Application of organism fertilizer or mixed organic and inorganic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer alone could increase mineralization and nitrification of these treated soils. The reasonable applying fertilizer was one of important measurements for enhancing soil fertility in both red soil and calcareous soil.

关 键 词：红壤 潮土 长期施肥 矿化作用 硝化作用 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]