白冠长尾雉雄鸟的冬季活动区与栖息地利用研究  

Home range and habitat use of male Reeves’s pheasant (Syrmaticus reevesii) in winter in Dongzhai National Nature Reserve, Henan Province

作　　者：徐基良[1,2,3] 张晓辉[1,2] 张正旺[1,2] 郑光美[1,2] 阮祥锋 张可银 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室 [2]生命科学学院 [3]北京林业大学资源与环境学院,北京100083 [4]董寨国家级自然保护区

出　　处：《生物多样性》2005年第5期416-423,共8页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000046805);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30070117和No.30330050)

摘　　要：2001年和2002年冬季,利用无线电遥测技术在河南董寨国家级自然保护区内对白冠长尾雉(Syrmaticusreevesii)雄鸟的冬季活动区和栖息地利用进行了研究。对遥测位点超过30个的5只雄性个体的研究表明,白冠长尾雉雄鸟的冬季活动区面积为10.03±1.17hm2(最小凸多边形法,MCP)、8.60±0.35hm2(90%调和平均转换法,90%HMT)和9.50±1.90hm2(95%固定核法,95%FK),明显小于其繁殖期的活动区面积。核心区面积为1.88±0.37hm2。核心区的栖息地组成在个体间变化较大,但主要是针阔混交林、松林、杉木林和灌丛。在研究区尺度上,白冠长尾雉雄鸟对栖息地有明显的选择性,但在活动区内则是随机利用栖息地。乔木胸径、灌木高度、2.0m层盖度及灌丛与森林的距离对雄性白冠长尾雉冬季的栖息地选择有重要影响。根据本项研究结果,我们建议在白冠长尾雉的栖息地管理中首先应加强对现存栖息地的保护,同时应通过适当的造林来扩大栖息地面积,此外还要注意对大面积的现有灌丛进行改造。Home range and habitat use of male Reeves＇s pheasant （Syrmaticus reevesii） were studied during the winter of 2001/2002 and 2002/2003 in the Dongzhai National Nature Reserve, Henan Province. The results from five individuals of Reeves＇s pheasant with over 30 relocations indicated the average size of home range was 10.03 ±1.17 hm^2 by Minimum Convex Polygon method, 8.60 ± 0.35 hm^2 by 90% Harmonic Mean Transformation method, and 9.50 ±1.90 hm^2 by 95% Fixed Kernel method. The winter range was smaller than that in the breeding season. The mean core area of the home range was 1.88 ± 0.37 hm^2. Although the habitat composition of the core area varied greatly among individuals, conifer and broadleaf mixed forests, masson pine forests, fir forests, and shrubs together accounted for a large part of the habitats used. Habitat use within the study area was non-random, while habitats were randomly used within home ranges. Tree diameter at breast height, shrub height and coverage at 2.0 m dictated habitat use. The proximity between forests and shrubs were also important in providing refuge for the birds during the winter. Recommendations for conservation management include protecting the existing habitats in Dongzhai National Nature Reserve, increasing suitable habitat for Reeves＇s pheasant through artificial plantations （e.g. firs）, and restoring some parts of the large area of shrubs to forest.

关 键 词：SYRMATICUS REEVESII 活动区 栖息地利用 冬季 董寨 白冠长尾雉 雄鸟 利用研究 自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]