湿地植物对富营养化水体中氮、磷吸收能力研究  

Absorbability of wetland plants on N and P from eutrophic water

作　　者：徐德福[1] 徐建民[1] 王华胜[2] 罗安程[1] 谢丹超[1] 应求实[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学土水资源与环境研究所,浙江杭州310029 [2]浙江省杭州植物园,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2005年第5期597-601,共5页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：浙江省重点科技项目(2003C2306);(2003C13011)资助

摘　　要：用营养液培养方法研究了11种湿地植物对氮、磷的吸收能力.结果表明,湿地植物平均生物量变化范围在9.31 ～ 49.53 g/plant(干重)之间;其地上部分与地下部分生物量的比值在1.21 ～ 3.09之间.美人蕉、菩提子、凤眼莲和芦苇有较高的地上部分生物量,而麦冬的地上部分生物量较低.地上部分植株氮、磷含量变化范围分别是22.13 ～ 33.03 mg/g和 2.53 ～ 5.38 mg/g(以干重计算);湿地植物对氮、磷的吸收量分别是252.99 ～ 1279.98和23.55 ～ 251.83 mg/plant,对氮、磷去除率分别是10.91% ～ 59.32%和50.13% ～ 87.26%.氮和磷的吸收主要受湿地植物生物量的影响,美人蕉、菩提子、凤眼莲和芦苇对氮、磷都有较好的吸收能力.The absorbability of wetland plants on nitrogen and phosphorus was investigated by means of nutrient solution incubation. The results indicated that mean biomass of wetland plant ranged from 9.31 to 49.53 g/plant （dry weight）, and shoot to root ratio ranged from 1.21 to 3.09. The above-ground biomass of Canna indica, Coix lacryma-jobi, Eichhornia crassipes and Phragmites australis was quite high, biomass. The concentration of nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （ while Ophiopogon japonicus had the lowest above-ground P） of above-ground tissue ranged from 22.13 to 33.03 mg/g and 2.53 to 5.38 mg/g （dry weight）, respectively. The amount of nitrogen and phosphorus uptaked by wetland plant ranged from 252.99 to 1279.98 and 23.55 to 251.83 mg/plant, respectively, which was mainly determined by plant biomass. The removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus of wetland plant ranged from 10.91% to 59.32% and 50.13% to 87.26%, respectively. These results showed that Canna indica, Coix lacryma-jobi, Eichhornia crassipes and Phragmites australis had stronger absorbability on nitrogen and phosphorus indicating they are promising plants to purify water and eliminate eutrophication.

关 键 词：湿地植物 氮 磷 富营养化 净化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]