引进野生壁蜂进行苹果授粉的技术研究  

A Study on the Technique of Apple Pollination by Introducing Wild Wall Bee

作　　者：郑祥义[1] 原国辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学

出　　处：《河南农业科学》1996年第8期25-27,共3页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：野生壁蜂的主要活动范围是在７０ｍ以内，超过９０ｍ其传授花粉的效果不明显。人工授粉树花序座果率与距壁蜂蜂巢３０ｍ处的座果率相近，都在３７％以上，均较自然授粉树座果率提高３０％左右。放蜂区生理落果率最低，仅为３．８％，与人工授粉树生理落果率４．３％接近，但自然授粉树生理落果率竟高达８４．６％。放蜂区偏歪果率仅为２．３％，与人工授粉树相近，但自然授粉树歪果率达９．３％。歪果大多只有４～５粒种子，且都集中在果实偏大的一边。歪果通常较果形端正的正常果少５个种子左右。As the wild wall bee had main moving range of 70m,there was no obvious offect of pollination when it moved over 90m.The percentage of setting fruit in artificial pollination tree was over 37%,similar with that in beeflying area where was 30m away from the wall bee comb,both being 30% higher than that in pollination tree.The percentage of physiological fruit abscission in beeflying area was lowest (3.8%),being close to that in artifical pollination tree(4.3%),while that in natural pollination tree was so high as 84.6%.The percentage of wry fruit in beeflying area was only 2.3%,being close to that in artificial pollination tree,but that in natural reached to 9.3%.At most,only 4-5 seeds were in a wry fruit and concentrated in the side of biger fruit .Due to bad pollination or fertilization the wry fruit had 5 seeds less than the normal fruit .

关 键 词：苹果授粉 壁蜂 座果率 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]