海洋附着细菌对冠瘤海鞘幼体附着和变态的影响  

Influences of marine adhesive bacteria on settlement and metamorphosis of Styela conopus Savigny larvae

作　　者：张朝霞[1] 柯才焕[1] 冯丹青[1] 黄英[1] 周时强[1] 吕嘉扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋学系

出　　处：《海洋学报》2005年第5期96-102,共7页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(49976034).

摘　　要：从冠瘤海鞘、皱瘤海鞘及乳突皮海鞘的被囊表面及其附着基和附近的海水中分离到290株细菌,根据其形态和生理生化特征,将其鉴定至弧菌属、肠杆菌属和无色杆菌属等10个属.分析海鞘被囊表面及其附着基和海水中的细菌组成,并从各属中挑出的29株细菌中分离筛选出附着能力较强的9株.将这9株细菌分别制成不同的单种细菌黏膜及9种细菌混合黏膜,检测细菌黏膜对冠瘤海鞘幼体附着和变态的影响.结果表明不同细菌黏膜对冠瘤海鞘幼体的附着和变态起不同的作用.无色杆菌属H-13显著地促进海鞘的附着和变态;弧菌属的H-4对海鞘的附着和变态均起抑制作用;弧菌属H-9明显地促进附着却强烈抑制海鞘幼体变态;其余细菌仅仅对海鞘幼体附着或变态的一个过程起作用或是对两者都没有明显效果.One hundred and eighty bacteria isolated from surface of tunics of Styela conopus Savigny, Styela plicata Lesueur, Molgula manhattensis Delay and their adhesive substrates, as well as 110 ones from nearby water, were investigated. On the basis of their morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics, these bacteria belong to 10 genera and over 60% bacteria are Gram-negative. In bacteria from surfaces of sea squirt＇s tunics and their adhesive substrates, dominant colonies are Pseudomonas, while Aeromonas are primary in bacteria from water. Nine strains were screened out from 180 bacteria for their great ability of attachment. Then these 9 bacteria were cultured to form di{ferent bacterial films respectively, together with a mixed artificial film made of all 9 strains so that influences of these artificial films on settlement and metamorphosis of Styela conopus Savigny larvae were studied. It is revealed that different types of artificial films have dissimilar effects on settlement and metamorphosis of Styela conopus Savigny larvae. On one hand, 5 kinds of bacterial films, H6, H9, H13, H15 and the mixed film remarkably stimulate larva attachment, while H4 strongly inhibited and others are without evident influences. On the other hand, in 10 bacterial films, H4, H7, and H9 obviously restrain metamorphosis of lava of Styela conopus Savigny, but more larva are metamorphic when they grew on H13 and the mixed bacterial film. It illustrated that settlement and metamorphosis of Styela conopus Savigny larva were two correspondingly independent processes during these two courses, different effects were shown when larva grew on the same bacterial film.

关 键 词：细菌黏膜 冠瘤海鞘幼体 附着 变态 

分 类 号：Q959.284[生物学—动物学]