乌兰布和沙漠白刺灌丛土壤水分及物理特性的研究  

Moisture Content and Physical Properties of Soil under Brushwood of Nitaria tangutorum in the Ulanbuh Desert

作　　者：韩胜利[1] 叶冬梅[1] 秦佳琪[1] 田有亮[1] 郭连生[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学林学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2005年第4期506-510,共5页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(30230290)资助

摘　　要：以乌兰布和沙漠流动沙地白刺灌丛土壤为研究对象,在灌丛阴面、阳面垂直方向挖取100cm深土壤剖面,对土壤水分及其土壤物理特性进行研究。结果表明,乌兰布和沙漠白刺灌丛阴阳面土壤水分具有季节性变化。6-9月阳面沙土含水量呈下降趋势(1.10%-0.72%),而阴面呈上升趋势(1.05%-2.90%)。阳面各土层贮水量0-20cm为1.22-4.66mm、20-60cm为3.90-6.37mm、60-100cm为5.55-7.86mm,而阴面:0-20cm为4.38-4.96mm、20-60cm为16.30-17.08mm、60-100cm为11.44-17.07mm。阳面除表层外,其他各层土壤孔隙度、田间持水量、最大持水量均低于阴面,阳面各层的土壤容重除了表层其它层均高于阴面。In this paper, the moisture content and physical properties of soil at north and south slopes of dunes covered by brushwood of Nitaria tangutorurn in the Ulanbuh Desert are researched. The study area （40°30′N, 106°50′E）, with an area of 2 km^2, is located in the northeastern part of the Ulanbuh Desert, Dengkou County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, where the dune-chains with height of 3～7 m are distributed, and the natural vegetation is mainly composed of xerophytes including Nitaria tangutorum, Psamncochloa mongolica, Agriophyllum squarosum, Ammopiptanthus mongolica, Artcmisia ordsica, etc. The dunes covered by brushwood of Nitaria tangutorum are 2.5～3.5 m high. In the study area it belongs to the temperate desert climate, it is cold in winter but hot in summer, droughts and strong winds occur frequently, the annual temperature and monthly temperatures in July and January are 7.6 ℃, 23.8 ℃ and -10.8℃ respectively; the annual sunshine duration is over 3 000 hours; the annual average and maximum wind speeds are 3.7 m/s and 15 m/s respectively, and the direction of prevailing wind is SW; the annual precipitation and evaporation are 142.7 mm and 2 351.9 mm, the annual average relative humidity is 47%, the annual frost-free period is 168 days, and the aridity index is 〉4. The study results show that there is a seasonal change in soil moisture content at north and south slopes of the dunes covered by brushwood of Nitaria tangutorum in the Ulanbuh Desert, during the period from June to September, the soil moisture content at the south slope is reduced and varies in a range of 1.10%～0.72% but that at north slope is increased and varies in a range of 1.05%～2.90%. At south slope, the soil water storages in soil layers of 0～20 cm, 20～60 cm and 60～ 100 cm vary in ranges of 1.22mm～4.66 mm, 3.90mm～6.37 mm and 5.55mm～ 7.86 mm respectively; at north slope, they vary in ranges of 4.38mm～4.96 ram, 16.30mm ～17.08 mm and 11.44mm～ 17.07 mm respectively. The values of porosity, moisture

关 键 词：乌兰布和沙漠 白刺灌丛 土壤水分 土壤物理特性 土壤剖面 灌丛 水分 白刺 上升趋势 季节性变化 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]