反演地表温度三要素获取途径研究及其应用价值  

Study on the Method Obtaining the Three Elements for the Retrieval of the Surface Temperature Based on Infrared Radiometer

作　　者：黄妙芬[1,2] 邢旭峰[1] 刘素红[2] 刘绍民[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院海洋工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2005年第4期541-547,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目"973计划"(G20000779)国家自然科学基金(40471094)中国地质调查项目:城市环境地球化学调查方法技术及污染影响机理研究(20032013004)

摘　　要：根据2002年和2004试验中,利用红外辐射计获取的地表辐射温度、方向比辐射率仪获取的地表比辐射率和长波辐射计秋取的大气下行辐射等试验数据,探讨了反演地表温度所需三要素的获取途径;对地表辐射温度的热方向性进行研究,分别建立30°、60°和90°高度角辐射温度观测值与半球积分值的回归方程;在给出几种温度的详细定义之后,计算了考虑及不考虑大气下行辐射和地表比辐射率影响所对应的温度,比较了它们之间的差值,并从理论上分析了造成差值的原因;进一步讨论大气下行辐射、地表比辐射率对地表温度反演结果的影响。The surface emission radiation, the surface emissivity and the environment radiation （ including the downward atmospheric long-wave radiation） are the three basic elements for the retrieval of the surface temperature. To calculate the surface “true” temperature, the surface emission radiation should be the semi-spherical emission radiation. However, the emission radiation we got from the thermal infrared thermometers reflects only one direction. This paper presents the regression equation of the measurement data at different angles （30°, 60° and 90°）with the semi-sphere integral which helps transform the measurement data at one singular direction into the one of semi-spherical direction. The measurement data includes the data produced by the satellite sensors of AVHRR, ASTER, TM and ATSR. After giving the exact definitions of land-surface radiative temperature, land-surface （true） temperature and brightness temperature, their difference are quantitatived. By using the observation values by infrared radiometer in 2004 in Xiaotangshan and observed values of atmospheric downward radiance, four kinds temperature are separately calculated. They are the land-surface radiative temperature T , the brightness temperature Tb which consider atmospheric downward radiance but don＇t consider land-surface emissivity, corresponding temperature which consider land-surface emissivity but don＇t consider atmospheric downward radiance, and the land-surface true temperature T which consider atmospheric downward radiance and land-surface emissivity. The result indicates that in these four kinds temperature, T^1〉 Ts 〉 T 〉 Tb, and the difference are ｜Ts- Tb｜ 〉｜Ts - T^1｜〉｜T - T｜. If we don＇t consider the influence of atmospheric downward radiance, we can get the highest temperature and the difference between this temperature and land-surface temperature can reach almost 2℃. It means that in field observations, atmospheric downward radiance＇s influence can＇t be ignored.

关 键 词：地表辐射温度 热效应 地表比辐射率 大气下行辐射 地表温度 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]