甘蓝型油菜无花瓣品系雄蕊雌化不育系的发现和遗传研究  

The discovery and study of apetalous sterility mutant in Brassica napus L.

作　　者：张文学[1] 李殿荣[1] 田建华[1] 杨翠玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省杂交油菜研究中心,大荔许庄715105

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2005年第3期13-15,共3页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家863计划重大专项(2002AA207009)

摘　　要：1998年在自选的甘蓝型无花瓣油菜株系中发现了一种突变不育株,进而育成无花瓣油菜突变不育系(简称AMS).经连续4年研究,结果表明:该雄性不育系不育性彻底,是一种雄性器官雌性化而引起的新的不育现象,其植株形态特征与无花瓣相同.用来自国内外不同品种(系)和胞质雄性不育系的保持系、恢复系及杂种F1共549份材料配制了779个杂交组合,全部恢复育性.2002和2003年收获的100个杂交组合有29份较对照(秦优7号杂交种)增产5.7%～23.5%,达显著水平.该突变不育株与可育株测交,后代不育和可育符合1:1的遗传分离模式,经对AMS测交、杂种自交,表明不育性很可能由4对隐性基因控制.In 1998, a sterile mutant plant was observed in apetalous lines in B. napus L, and an apetalous mutant sterile （AMS） line was established from this plant. Studies showed that the sterility of this male sterile line was very complete, with male organs converting to female organs, and other morphologic characteristics were similar to those of apetalous fertile plants. 779 test crosses were made with 549 materials including different varieties and maintainers, restorers and F1 hybrids of different CMS systems. All restored AMS fertility completely. So the resto- ring resources were very wide. In 2002 and 2003, yield of 29 combinations from 100 combinations out -yielded CK （ hybrid rapeseed variety“Qinyou No. 7” ） by 5.7% ～ 23.5%. The level of yield increase was significant. When the stertile plants crossed with fertile plants in fertility segregation populations, 1： 1 genetic segregation model appeared in the progeny. According to fertility segragation from other test cross and selfcrosses, the sterility was probably controlled by 4 pairs of recessive genes. The discovery of AMS not only provided special germplasm resource for studies on floral organ development mechanism, but also open up a new way in heteriosis utilization of rapeseed.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 无花瓣性状 雄蕊心皮化 不育系 

分 类 号：S565.403[农业科学—作物学]