有机稻田内不同生态措施对褐稻虱种群的控制作用  

Effect of different masures of ecological management on the population of brown planthoppers in organic rice fields

作　　者：梁广文[1] 钟平生[1,2] 曾玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学昆虫生态研究室 [2]广东惠州学院生命科学系广东惠州516015

出　　处：《昆虫知识》2005年第5期510-514,共5页Entomological Knowledge

基　　金：国家"973"重大科研项目(G20000162209);国家农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(20020105A)。

摘　　要：应用害虫生态控制理论和方法,以抗性品种、施用有机肥、种植对天敌具有助迁或保护作用的植物为基础,将稻田放鸭、薇甘菊(MikaniamicranthaKunth)乙醇提取物、现代苦楝油(MeliaazedarachL.)等各项生态措施,科学、合理地组配成褐稻虱Nilaparvatalugens(Stl)种群生态控制系统,研究其对褐稻虱种群的控制作用。结果表明稻田放鸭对褐稻虱若虫具有60.92%的控制效果,现代苦楝油200倍对褐稻虱种群的作用优于薇甘菊乙醇提取物1gDW·100mL-1,不同生态措施组合对褐稻虱自然种群的控制作用显著,但其联合作用效果与组合组分不成正比例增长。所组建的生态措施组合可将褐稻虱种群数量降至经济阈值以下,完全可达到持续控制褐稻虱种群的目的。Based on the theory and methods of the pest ecological management, a system for brown planthopper （BPH） ecological management was set up with measures of releasing ducks, using the resistant varieties, the organic fertilizer, and the extracts from Mikania micrantha and Melia azedarach L. The effects of the measures on BPH population were evaluated. The results showed that releasing duck had a significant effect against BPH population by 60.92% of decrease in number. The extract of M. azedarach on BPH was more effective than the extract of M. micrantha. The combination of the different measures had significant suppression to the BPH population, but the joint control effect was not directly proportional to the contributions of the measures. It also showed that the ecologic management system could keep the BPH population completely below the economical threshold.

关 键 词：有机耕作 褐稻虱 生态控制 植物次生物质 自然种群 生态措施 控制作用 稻田放鸭 褐稻虱 有机肥 乙醇提取物 生态控制系统 控制理论 

分 类 号：S435.112.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]