不同浓度酒精湿化给氧对改善肺水肿所致缺氧的实验研究  

Experimental study on different concentration alcohol humidifying oxygen supply improving Hypoxia caused by pneumonedema

作　　者：姜秀文[1] 高梅珍 梁景华 刘晓明 王兴友 赵敦阁 张炜 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军济南医学高等专科学校护理教研室

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》1996年第7期373-376,共4页Chinese Journal of Nursing

摘　　要：为探讨肺水肿吸氧时，湿化瓶内酒精最佳浓度，作者将３２只家兔分为４组，以快速输液的方法，复制为肺水肿模型后，分别以２０％、５０％、７０％、９０％浓度酒精作为湿化剂进行吸氧（简称为酒精氧），结果显示：吸入２０％浓度酒精氧后，血ＰａＯ_２增幅为１４７．３０％（Ｐ＜０．００１），对支气管粘膜及肺泡壁损伤较轻；吸入５０％浓度酒精氧后，血ＰａＯ_２增幅为３９．４６％（Ｐ＜０．００１），上述部位损伤加重，小支气管腔粘膜有轻度出血；吸入７０％浓度酒精氧后，血ＰａＯ_２增幅为２１．９７％（Ｐ＜０．０５），有肺出血发生；吸入９０％浓度酒精氧后，血ＰａＯ_２增幅为９４．４６％（Ｐ＜０．０１），肺泡和小支气管内有大量红细胞聚集。本研究提示：２０％浓度酒精作为湿化剂效果最好。另外还提示：酒精消泡机理单纯以能降低肺泡内泡沫表面张力的解释是不够全面，还与形成泡沫物质本身性质有关。In order to research the best alcoholic concentration in the humidifying bottle when pneumonedema oxygen inhalation, 32 rabbits, divided into 4 groups,are replicated into pneumonedema models using method of rapid transfusion,and given oxygen inhalation with 20%, 50%, 70%,and 90% alcohol as humidifying agent(shortly called alcoholic oxygen). The results are as follows: using 20% alcohol as humidifying agent,the increasing amplitude of blood PaO_2, is 147. 30%(P<0.001),the injury to the pulmonary bronchial mucosa and the wall of pulmonary alveoli is slight; using 50% alcohol,the increasing amplitude of blood PaO_2 is 39.46%(P<0.001),the injury to the parts mentioned above exacerbates and bronchiole cavity mucosa has moderate bleeding; using 70% alcohol,the increasing amplitude of blood PaO_2 is 21.97%(P<0.05),pneumorrhagia occurs ;using 90% alcohol ,the increasing amplitude of blood PaO_2 is 94.46%(P<0.01),a great number of blood cells aggregate inside the pulmonary alveoli and the bronchiole. This study proves that choosing 20% alcohol as humidifying agent has the bast result,and as well,the explanation of the mechanism of alcohol suppressing foam,meaning being able to decrease only the surface tension of the foam inside the pulmonary alveoli,is incomprehensive,and the nature of the material itself forming foam has decisive function.

关 键 词：肺水肿 酒精湿化 氧气吸入 护理 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学] R541.630.5[医药卫生—临床医学]